1263‐1328 A jurist and theologian of the Hanbalite sect of Islam. Born in Harran and died in Damascus. His life was a constant struggle with arguments with the ulama and Sufis, and with persecution, including imprisonment, by those in power, due to his strict ideology. He emphasized the absolute difference between God and man, and denied the mystical union with God. He considered the highest purpose of man to be ibada, or service to God, and based this on the absoluteness of Sharia (Islamic law) and its complete implementation. From this standpoint, he sharply attacked the Sufi pantheism and the corruption of the ulama who followed secular powers, which earned him the animosity of both. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1263‐1328 イスラムのハンバル派の法学者,神学者。ハッラーンで生まれ,ダマスクスで没した。彼の一生は,その厳しい思想のために,ウラマーやスーフィーたちとの論争や,権力者による投獄などの迫害との闘争の連続であった。彼は神と人間の絶対的不同性を強調し,神秘的な神との合一を否定した。人間の最高の目的をイバーダ,すなわち神への奉仕にあるとして,その基礎をシャリーア(イスラム法)の絶対性とその完全な遂行に置いた。このような立場から,スーフィー的な汎神論や世俗的権力に追従するウラマーの堕落を鋭く攻撃して両者の反感を買った。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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