One of the most representative museums of modern and contemporary art in New York. Abbreviated as MoMA. Founded in 1929 by five collectors on the 14th floor of a high-rise office building, it moved to its current location near Fifth Avenue in 1939 (designed by P. Godwin and E. D. Stone). It systematically exhibits works that were born in innovative art movements such as Post-Impressionism in the 1880s, Cubism, Expressionism, Futurism, Dada, Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism, and Pop Art that occurred in Europe and America in the 20th century, in chronological order. In addition to paintings and sculptures, it also has photographs, posters, graphic art, architectural drawings, and film films. It regularly organizes special exhibitions to explore traditional art from new angles, while also introducing and evaluating new art and its trends, and has set out a policy of enlightening and guiding contemporary visual arts. These activities have been a major inspiration for artists, critics, and the general public, and have also become the driving force behind New York as a new art center that nurtures new art. Picasso, the flag bearer of modern art, entrusted the museum with his famous masterpiece "Guernica" until 1982, which was due to his appreciation of the museum's multifaceted activities and role. After purchasing the adjacent land, the museum undertook comprehensive expansion and renovation work led by architect C. Pelli from 1980, and in May 1984 it was reborn as a new museum with exhibition space more than double that of the previous one. It was reopened in November 2004 with a design by Yoshio Taniguchi. [Noriko Minato] "A Journey Through World Art 6: New York Stories, Vol. 2" (1988, Sekai Bunka Publishing) "Weekly World Art Museums 8: Museum of Modern Art, New York 1" (2000, Kodansha) "Weekly World Art Museums 48: Museum of Modern Art, New York 2" (2001, Kodansha) "MOMA Publishing, ed.: "Guide to 350 Works of Art at the Museum of Modern Art, New York" (2004, Museum Books) [References] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ニューヨークにある近代・現代美術のもっとも代表的な美術館の一つ。略称MoMA(モマ)。1929年、5人の収集家により高層オフィスの14階に創立開館。39年に五番街に近い現在地に移る(設計P・ゴッドウィン、E・D・ストーン)。1880年代の後期印象派から、20世紀のヨーロッパ、アメリカでおこったキュビスム、表現主義、未来主義、ダダ、シュルレアリスム、抽象表現主義、ポップ・アートなど革新的な芸術運動のなかに誕生した作品を、年代順に、系統的に展示する。絵画、彫刻だけでなく、写真、ポスター、グラフィック・アート、建築素描、映画フィルムを所蔵。常時特別展を企画して、従来の芸術を新たな角度から探ると同時に、新しい芸術やその動向を紹介して評価を下すという、現代の視覚芸術を啓蒙(けいもう)指導する方針を打ち出している。こうした活動が芸術家、批評家、一般大衆の大きな刺激となり、新しい芸術をはぐくむ新たな芸術の中心地としてのニューヨークの推進力ともなっている。近代芸術の旗手ピカソが有名な大作『ゲルニカ』を1982年まで寄託したのも、その多面的な活動と役割を評価したからにほかならない。隣接地を買収して80年から建築家C・ペリを陣頭に総合的な増改築を行った結果、84年5月、それまでの倍以上の展示スペースをもつ新しい美術館に生まれ変わった。2004年11月、谷口吉生(よしお)の設計によりリニューアル・オープン。 [湊 典子] 『『世界美術の旅6 ニューヨーク物語 下』(1988・世界文化社)』▽『『週刊世界の美術館8 ニューヨーク近代美術館1』(2000・講談社)』▽『『週刊世界の美術館48 ニューヨーク近代美術館2』(2001・講談社)』▽『MOMA出版局編『ニューヨーク近代美術館350作品ガイド』(2004・ミュージアム図書)』 [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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