Nimes - Nim (English spelling) Nîmes

Japanese: ニーム - にーむ(英語表記)Nîmes
Nimes - Nim (English spelling) Nîmes

The capital of the Gard department in southern France. It is located about 40 km southwest of Avignon, at the junction of the Costières hills at the foot of the Cevennes and the alluvial plain of the Rhône River. Population 133,424 (1999). Trade in wine, brandy, grain, and textiles, as well as industries such as textiles, agricultural machinery, and chemicals, are thriving. Wall hangings and hats are local specialties. Founded by the Roman Emperor Augustus, it was called Colonia Nemausus Augusta after the spring nymph Nemausus, and was said to be the wealthiest town in Gaul. It was later destroyed by invasions by Germanic tribes and Muslims. In 1185 it became part of the County of Toulouse, and in 1229 it became part of the Kingdom of France. Many of the citizens were Protestants, and the city suffered tragedies in the religious wars of the 16th and 17th centuries. It was damaged in World War II, but Roman ruins remain well preserved. The city is also famous for its Tour Magne (Great Tower), the amphitheatre, the Corinthian temple (Maison Carrée), and the largest Roman aqueduct (Pont de la Garde) over the Gard River between the city and Avignon. It is the birthplace of novelist Daudet and historian Guizot.

[Nobuyoshi Aoki]

[Reference] | Gare Bridge
Amphitheatre of Nimes
An arena from around the 1st century BC. It can accommodate about 20,000 spectators. It is well preserved and is still used for various events such as operas and concerts. Nimes, France ©Shogakukan ">

Amphitheatre of Nimes

The Pont du Gard
An ancient Roman aqueduct spanning the Gard River. It was built between 63 BC and 13 BC. World Heritage Site "Pont du Gard (Roman Aqueduct)" (France, 1985, registered in 2007) France Avignon/Nime suburbs ©Shogakukan ">

The Pont du Gard


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フランス南部、ガール県の県都。アビニョンの南西約40キロメートル、セベンヌ山麓(さんろく)のコスチエール丘陵とローヌ川の沖積平野との接触点に位置する。人口13万3424(1999)。ぶどう酒、ブランデー、穀物、織物の取引や、繊維、農業機械、化学などの工業も盛んである。壁掛け織物、帽子は特産品。ローマ皇帝アウグストゥスによって建設され、泉の精ネマウススにちなみ、コロニア・ネマウスス・アウグスタColonia Nemausus Augustaとよばれ、ガリアのもっとも富裕な町といわれた。その後ゲルマン民族やイスラム教徒の侵入を受けて破壊された。1185年にはトゥールーズ伯領、1229年にはフランス王領となった。市民には新教徒が多く、16、17世紀の宗教戦争では悲惨を経験した。第二次世界大戦では被害を受けたが、ローマ時代の遺跡はよく残っている。おもなものに、トゥール・マーニュ(大塔)、円形闘技場、コリント様式の寺院(メゾン・カレー)、また市の北東郊にはアビニョンとの間のガール川に架かる最大のローマ水道橋(ガール橋)などがある。小説家ドーデ、歴史家ギゾーの生地。

[青木伸好]

[参照項目] | ガール橋
ニームの円形闘技場
紀元前1世紀ごろの闘技場。約2万人の観客を収容できる。保存状態がよく、現在もオペラやコンサートなど、さまざまなイベントが開催される。フランス ニーム©Shogakukan">

ニームの円形闘技場

ガール橋(ポン・デュ・ガール)
ガール川に架かる古代ローマの水道橋。紀元前63~前13年につくられた。世界文化遺産「ポン・デュ・ガール(ローマの水道橋)」(フランス・1985、2007年登録) フランス アビニョン/ニーム近郊©Shogakukan">

ガール橋(ポン・デュ・ガール)


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