Government Rubber

Japanese: Government Rubber(英語表記)GovernmentRubber
Government Rubber

…The industrialization of general-purpose synthetic rubber in the United States was delayed, but with the outbreak of World War II in 1939, imports of synthetic rubber from Germany stopped, and in 1941, in order to secure important rubber as a military supply, the U.S. government began mass production through the Government Synthetic Rubber Program, which produced a remarkable increase in annual production from 8,000 tons in 1941 to 820,000 tons in 1945. The synthetic rubber produced at this time was called GR (Government Rubber), and depending on the type, for example, copolymer rubber of styrene and butadiene was called GR-S, and copolymer rubber of acrylonitrile and butadiene was called GR-A. After the war, the low-temperature emulsion polymerization method researched in Germany was introduced to the United States, and after it became clear that it could produce synthetic rubber with excellent properties, most synthetic rubber was switched to the low-temperature polymerization method. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Government Rubber" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…アメリカにおける汎用合成ゴムの工業化は遅れていたが,39年第2次大戦の勃発とともにドイツからの合成ゴムの輸入がとまり,41年太平洋戦争への突入に至って軍需物資として重要なゴムを確保するため,アメリカ政府は〈合成ゴムの政府管理Government Synthetic Rubber Program〉による大量生産を行い,41年には年産8000tであったものが45年には年産82万tにも達するという驚異的な発展をとげた。このとき生産された合成ゴムはGR(Government Rubber)とよばれ,その種類によって,たとえばスチレンとブタジエンの共重合ゴムはGR‐S,アクリロニトリルとブタジエンの共重合ゴムはGR‐Aなどとよばれた。終戦後,ドイツで研究された低温乳化重合法がアメリカへ伝わり,性質のすぐれた合成ゴムが得られることが明らかとなってからは,ほとんどの合成ゴムが低温重合法へと切り替えられた。…

※「Government Rubber」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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