Dakyuu

It can also be read as "mariuchi." It is a type of game played on horseback or on foot, in which a woolly ball is hit with a ball stick. It is similar to polo. The "Saigu-ki" describes the game held on May 6th at the riding ground of the Butokuden Hall, in which players split into two groups and compete to win by hitting the balls thrown by the minister into the ball gates set up at both ends of the riding ground. As can be seen in Chinese classics, it originally originated on the continent, but the "Manyoshu" records that princes and ministers played tamari in Kasugano on New Year's Day in the 4th year of Jinki (727), and there is also a record of an envoy from Bohai playing tamari in the 3rd year of Kōnin (812), so it is known that it was an international game that was loved by ancient aristocrats. It was abolished after the end of the Heian period, but was revived during the Kyoho era (1716-1736) under new laws established by the Edo Shogunate. The ball-hitting game of New Year that spread to the general public originated from dagu.

[Kazuki Sugimoto]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

「まりうち」とも訓ずる。毛製の毬を毬杖(ぎっちょう)で打つ、騎馬または徒歩で行う遊戯の一種。ポロに類似する。『西宮記(さいぐうき)』には5月6日に武徳殿の馬場で行われる打毬の法式がみえ、競技者は二手に分かれ、大臣の投げ込む球を打って馬場の両端に立てられた自軍の球門に入れ、勝負を争うとある。中国の古典にもみえるように、本来大陸に起源をもつが、『万葉集』には神亀(じんき)4年（727）正月に皇子諸臣が春日野(かすがの)で打毬を行ったとあり、弘仁(こうにん)3年（812）には渤海(ぼっかい)国使の打毬のことがみえるので、国際色豊かな遊戯として、古代貴族に愛好されたことが知られる。平安末期以後は廃絶したが、享保(きょうほう)年間（1716～1736）に至り、江戸幕府が新たな制法を定めて復興した。民間に伝わった正月の毬打(ぎっちょう)遊びは、打毬に由来するものである。

［杉本一樹］

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