Let Q () denote the set of numbers of the form a + b (where a and b are both rational numbers) for integers m other than 1 that do not have the square of a prime number as a divisor, and call it a quadratic field generated by . In the quadratic field Q (), as described below, we can define integers just as we do for rational numbers, and number theory can be developed. This is called number theory of quadratic fields. Number theory of quadratic fields began with C. F. Gauss. In his book Disquisitiones arithmeticae, Gauss constructed a unified theory of quadratic forms in two variables with integer coefficients, aX ^2 + bXY + cY^ 2 (where a , b , c are integers). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1以外の整数mで,素数の2乗を約数としてもたないものによって,a+b(a,bはともに有理数)の形で表される数の全体をQ()で表し,で生成された二次体という。二次体Q()においても,後述のように,有理数の場合と同様に〈整数〉が定義でき,整数論が展開できる。これを二次体の整数論という。二次体の整数論はC.F.ガウスに始まる。ガウスは,著書《数論研究Disquisitiones arithmeticae》において,整数係数の2変数の二次形式, aX2+bXY+cY2 (a,b,cは整数) についての統一的な理論を構成した。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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