An alloy used as a heating material for electric heating. High-grade products are made of 77-79% nickel (Ni) and 19-20% chromium (Cr), while some have 35% less Ni and 55% iron (Fe). High-grade products have high oxidation resistance and high-temperature strength, and can be used up to 1100°C, but those with less Ni have a maximum temperature of 1000°C. They are usually made in wire form, but ribbons are also available. A similar heating material to nichrome is Kanthal, which is made of 69% Fe, 18-25% Cr, 3-6% aluminum, and a small amount of cobalt. It can withstand temperatures up to 1250°C, and is a type of high-chromium stainless steel. Both can be used as heating materials, but they are not used as heat-resistant alloys because they lack strength. Nichrome and Kanthal are now common names, but were originally trademarks, and are standardized in JIS as nickel-chrome and iron-chrome. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
電熱用発熱材料として使われる合金で,ニッケル Ni77~79%,クロム Cr19~20%のものが高級品で,Niを 35%程度まで減らして,鉄 Feを 55%程度まで入れたものもある。高級品は耐酸化性,高温強度とも高く,最高 1100℃まで使用できるが,Niを減らしたものは耐用温度 1000℃である。通常は線であるがリボンもある。ニクロムと類似の発熱材料に,Fe69%,Cr18~25%,アルミニウム3~6%,コバルト若干のカンタルがある。耐用温度は最高 1250℃程度で,一種の高クロムステンレス鋼である。発熱材料としては両者とも同様に使えるが,耐熱合金としては強度が不足なので使わない。ニクロム,カンタルともいまは通称であるがもとは商標名で,JISではニッケルクロム,鉄クロムとして規格している。
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