A biennial plant of the Umbelliferae family (APG classification: Umbelliferae). The Japanese name is said to come from the Spanish word eneldo, and it is also called dill or jira (makirashi) from the English name dill. It is also called caraway. The stem branches and grows to about 1 meter in height. The leaves are pinnately lobed three times, with thin, thread-like lobes. In summer, many small yellow flowers bloom at the ends of the branches. The fruits are elliptical, flattened, 3-5 mm long, black-brown, and have white vertical stripes. It is said to have originated in the area from India to Iran, or from the Mediterranean coast of Europe to southern Russia. It was cultivated as a medicinal herb in Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt, and records of it in China date back to the 8th century. It was introduced to Japan from Europe in the mid-Edo period. It was also introduced from China as a herbal medicine. The fruits are mixed into sauces and curry powder as a spice, and are used to flavor cakes and breads. In traditional Chinese medicine, it is called Jirajitsu (子) and is used as a stimulant and carminative. It contains 3-4% essential oil, the main component of which is carvone, and 17% fatty oil. The young leaves are also fragrant and are used as an herb to add flavor to soups, sauces, pickles, etc. [Hoshikawa Kiyochika November 17, 2021] [References] |A useful plant that has been cultivated as a medicinal herb since ancient times. It grows to about 1m in height, and its leaves are used as an herb. It is also known as caraway. It is also called dill or jira. © Kyoko Nagumo "> Young dill plant The stem branches out and grows to a height of about 1m, and in summer many small yellow flowers bloom at the ends of the branches. © Nagumo Kyoko Dill flower Fresh leaves from the stem of dill © Kyoko Nagumo "> Dill Weed (fresh leaves) Dried leaves and stems of dill ©Shogakukan "> Dill Weed (Dried) Dill seeds ©Shogakukan "> Dill Seed Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
セリ科(APG分類:セリ科)の一、二年草。和名はスペイン語のeneldoからきているといわれ、英名のdillからディル、ジラ(蒔蘿)ともいわれる。ヒメウイキョウともいう。茎は枝分れして高さ1メートルほどになる。葉は3回羽状に裂け、裂片は細長く糸状。夏に枝先に黄色の小花を多数開く。果実は楕円(だえん)状球形で扁平(へんぺい)、長さ3~5ミリメートルで黒褐色、白い縦筋が入る。原産地はインドからイランに及ぶ地域、またはヨーロッパ地中海沿岸から南ロシアにかけての地域とされる。メソポタミアや古代エジプトで薬草として栽培され、中国でも8世紀ころから記録がある。日本へは江戸中期にヨーロッパから渡来した。一方、中国からも漢方薬として伝えられた。果実をスパイスとしてソースやカレー粉に混ぜ、またケーキやパンの香りづけに使う。漢方では蒔蘿実(じらじつ)(子(し))とよび、興奮剤や駆風剤とする。カルボンを主成分とする精油3、4%と脂肪油17%を含む。若い葉にも芳香があり、スープやソース、ピクルスなどに風味を添えるハーブとして用いる。 [星川清親 2021年11月17日] [参照項目] |古代から薬草として栽培されてきた有用直物。高さ1mほどになり、葉はハーブとして用いられる。別名ヒメウイキョウ。ディル、ジラ(蒔蘿)ともいわれる©南雲今日子"> イノンドの若株 茎は枝分れして高さ1mほどになり、夏、枝先に黄色の小花を多数開く©南雲今日子"> イノンドの花 イノンドの葉茎部分の生葉©南雲今日子"> ディルウィード(生葉) イノンドの葉茎部分を乾燥させたもの©Shogakukan"> ディルウィード(乾燥品) イノンドの種子©Shogakukan"> ディルシード 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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