Njegoš (English spelling) Petar Petrović Njegoš

Poet, bishop and head of state of Montenegro (Crna Gora), a mountainous country in the western Balkans. He reigned as King Petar II from 1830 to 1851, and fought against pressure from Turkey and Austria. He established the first school and printing press in Cecinje, and established a senate and a court, among other things, and worked to modernize the country. His major works as poets include the religious allegorical epic poem "Light of the Microcosm" (1845), which is based on the struggle between God and Satan and is permeated with the idea of ​​the victory of reason and cosmic order, the dramatic poem "The Crown of the Mountains" (1847), which is based on the extermination of Muslims in Montenegro in the 17th century and calls for the liberation and unity of the Slavic people, and the dramatic poem "The False Emperor, the Dwarf Ščepan" (1851), which sings of the honor and chivalry of the Montenegrin people.

[Kurihara Shigeru]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

バルカン半島西部の山国、モンテネグロ（ツルナ・ゴーラ）の詩人、主教、国家元首。1830～51年国王ペタル2世として君臨し、トルコ、オーストリアの圧力に対抗した。ツェチニェに最初の学校と印刷所を創立し、元老院制、裁判所を設けるなど、国の近代化に努めた。詩業としては、神とサタンの闘争を主題に、理性と宇宙秩序の勝利の理念で貫いた宗教的寓意(ぐうい)叙事詩『小宇宙の光』（1845）、17世紀のモンテネグロの回教徒撲滅事件に材をとり、スラブ民族の解放と団結を訴えた劇詩『山の花冠』（1847）、モンテネグロ民族の栄誉と騎士道を歌う劇詩『偽皇帝、小人シチェパン』（1851）が主要作。

［栗原成郎］

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