Nagy Ferenc

Japanese: ナジ（英語表記）Nagy Ferenc

Born October 8, 1903 in Bysse, Hungary
[died] June 12, 1979. Fairfax, Virginia, United States. Hungarian politician. Prime Minister (1946-47). Born into a Protestant tenant farming family, he was a farmer himself and entered politics as a peasant politician in the Baranya region. In the early 1920s, he helped found the Small Landlords Party, which represented the interests of the majority of peasants. In 1930, he was Secretary General of the Party, and from 1939 to 1942, he was a member of the National Assembly. In 1944, he was imprisoned by the German Gestapo. In 1946, he became Prime Minister of the anti-fascist coalition government and tried to democratize Hungary, but was criticized by the Communist Party (→ Socialist Workers Party). In 1947, he was charged with treason, but fled the country before his trial and later traveled to the United States. His experiences are detailed in his book The Struggle Behind the Iron Curtain (1948). From 1961 to 1962, he served as President of the Congress of Nationalities of Occupied Europe.

Naji
Nagy Imre

Born: June 7, 1896. Kaposhwar
Died June 16, 1958. Hungarian politician. Born into a poor farming family. Captured in Russia during World War I, he participated in the October Revolution. Joined the Communist Party in 1918, returned to Russia after the war, but defected to Moscow from 1929 to 1944. Returned to his homeland with the Soviet army at the end of World War II, and became a member of the party's Politburo, Minister of Agriculture, Minister of the Interior, and Speaker of the Duma. In 1949, he was expelled from the Politburo for his right-wing leanings. However, in the new situation after the death of I. Stalin, he became prime minister in 1953 and began to correct the policy of overemphasizing heavy industry. He was expelled again in 1955 for pursuing an independent course, but was supported by the people during the October 1956 uprising and returned to the prime ministerial position on the 24th of the same month, but was ousted on November 4 due to Soviet military intervention. He took refuge in the Yugoslav embassy for a time, but was later arrested, and on June 17, 1958, a Soviet newspaper announced his execution.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1903.10.8. ハンガリー，ビッシェ
[没]1979.6.12. アメリカ合衆国，バージニア，フェアファックス
ハンガリーの政治家。首相（1946～47）。プロテスタントの小作農家に生まれ，みずからも農業を営み，バラニャ地方で農民の政治家として政界に入った。1920年代初頭，多数派の農民の利益を代表する小地主党の結成に参加。1930年同党書記長，1939～42年国会議員。1944年ドイツのゲシュタポにより投獄された。1946年，反ファシズム連立政権の首相に就任してハンガリーの民主化に努めたが，共産党（→社会主義労働者党）からは批判された。1947年国家反逆罪に問われ起訴されたが，裁判前に国外脱出し，その後アメリカ合衆国へ渡った。著書『鉄のカーテン背後の死闘』The Struggle Behind the Iron Curtain（1948）には，その体験が詳述されている。1961～62年，被占領ヨーロッパ民族会議議長を務めた。

ナジ
Nagy Imre

[生]1896.6.7. カポシュワール
[没]1958.6.16. ブダペスト
ハンガリーの政治家。貧しい農家の生れ。第1次世界大戦にロシアで捕虜となり，十月革命に参加。 1918年共産党に入り，戦後帰国したが 29～44年モスクワへ亡命。第2次世界大戦末期進駐するソ連軍とともに祖国に帰り，党政治局員，農相，内相，国会議長となり，49年に右翼的偏向を理由に政治局から追放された。しかし I.スターリン死後の新情勢のなかで 53年首相に就任，重工業偏重政策の是正に着手。 55年独立路線を進めたため再び追放され，56年 10月の動乱中に民衆に擁立されて同月 24日首相に復帰したが，ソ連の軍事介入により 11月4日に失脚。一時ユーゴスラビア大使館に避難したが，その後逮捕され，58年6月 17日ソ連紙が彼の処刑を発表した。

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