A merchant organization organized to manage trade in Nagasaki during the Edo period. In 1631 (Kan'ei 8), when the Five Places Ito-Wappu (Thread Distribution) was held in Kyoto, Sakai, Nagasaki, Edo, and Osaka, the Ito-Wappu Association organized the Five Places Merchants' Association to purchase and distribute raw silk. Later, as the trade system changed, it was renamed Shiho Kaisho (1675), Warifu Kaisho (1685), and was called Nagasaki Kaisho after the revision in 1698 (Genroku 11). It had a monopoly on trade with China and the Netherlands, and paid part of the profit to the shogunate as transport money and distributed part to townspeople as Jige distribution silver. Copper and camphor were also exported below market price, so the difference was covered from the profit. The Kaisho was under the supervision of the Nagasaki Magistrate, and the main officials in charge of investigating the town officials were the town elders, who were also involved in town administration. [Yoko Nagazumi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
江戸時代、長崎貿易を運営するため組織された商人の機関。1631年(寛永8)京都、堺(さかい)、長崎、江戸、大坂の五か所糸割符(いとわっぷ)が行われると、糸割符仲間は五か所商人会所を組織して、生糸の買付け、配分を行った。その後、貿易制度の変遷とともに、市法(しほう)会所(1675)、割符会所(1685)と改められ、1698年(元禄11)の改正で長崎会所と称された。中国、オランダ貿易を独占的に行い、利益金の一部は、運上金として幕府に納め、一部は地下(じげ)配分銀として町民に配分した。また銅、樟脳(しょうのう)は市価以下で輸出したため、その差額を利益金から補給した。会所は長崎奉行(ぶぎょう)の監督下にあり、主要な役人調役は町年寄が兼ね、町政にも関与した。 [永積洋子] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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