Inaba Province - Inaba no Kuni

The former name of the eastern half of Tottori Prefecture. One of the eight provinces of the San'in region. It borders Tajima to the east, Hoki to the west, Harima and Mimasaka to the south, and faces the Sea of ​​Japan to the north. The southern part of the prefecture is mountainous, with the peaks of the Chugoku Mountains. The Sendai River runs through the center, and the Tottori Plain opens out downstream, with sand dunes developing on the coast. The Kajiyama Tomb, a national historic site located southeast of the Tottori Plain, has colored murals, and there are many other tombs with line-carved murals, and decorated tombs are a distinctive feature of the Inaba tomb culture. According to the Engishiki, Inaba Province consisted of 50 townships in seven districts: Kono, Houmi, Oumi, Yakami, Chizu, Takakusa, and Keta. According to the Wamyōshō, Inaba Township was located in Houmi District, where the provincial office and provincial temple were established (Kokufu-cho, Tottori City). The last poem in the Man'yōshū was written by the provincial governor, Otomo no Yakamochi, in this area. Around this time, Takaba Manor, the estate of Todaiji Temple, was established on the east bank of Lake Koyama in Takakusa District. During the Kamakura period, Sasaki Takatsuna and Ebina Korenori became shugo, during the Kenmu Restoration Nawa Nagatoshi, and during the Nanboku-cho period Yamana Tokiuji became shugo, and from then on the Yamana clan ruled Inaba Province. In the late Middle Ages, lacquer, iron, and castings were the main products. At the end of the Sengoku period, the Yamana clan moved their base to Tottori Castle in Hisamatsuyama, Omi County, and the area around the castle became the center of Inaba. In 1580 (Tensho 8), the Yamana clan was attacked by Toyotomi Hideyoshi and was destroyed, and the daimyo of Miyabe, Kamei, Kakiya, and Kinoshita entered Inaba. After the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 (Keicho 5), the area was divided into three domains: Ikeda, Yamazaki, and Kamei. In 1617 (Genwa 3), Ikeda Mitsumasa moved from Harima (Hyogo Prefecture) to Inaba as the lord of Inaba and Hoki with 320,000 koku of rice. In 1632 (Kan'ei 9), Mitsumasa was transferred to Okayama in Bizen, and his cousin Ikeda Mitsunaka moved from Bizen. From then on, Mitsunaka's descendants passed the tradition down to the end of the Edo period. The main industry in the early modern period was rice farming, but other products included copper, raw wax, bowls, trays, and paper. The scholar-daimyo Ikeda Kanzan (regular; 15,000 koku stipend, the Teppozu family, a branch of Ikeda in Tottori), the Dutch scholar Inamura Sanpaku, and the poet Kagawa Kageki were all from Inaba.

In 1871 (Meiji 4), with the abolition of feudal domains and the establishment of prefectures, the Tottori Domain in Inaba and Hoki provinces became Tottori Prefecture, but in 1876 it merged with Shimane Prefecture. As a result of a movement by Tottori samurai to be re-established, Tottori Prefecture was established again in 1881, and remains so to this day.

[Atsuhito Fukui]

"The History of Tottori Prefecture, 18 volumes (1969-82, Tottori Prefecture)" ▽ "Local History of Tottori Prefecture" (1932, Tottori Prefecture / Reprint edition, 1973, Meishu Publishing)" ▽ "The History of Tottori Prefecture, by Yamanaka Toshio (1970, Yamakawa Publishing)" ▽ "The History of Our Hometown: Inaba in the Edo Period, Volumes 1 and 2, by Tokunaga Muneo et al. (1978, 1980, Shinnihonkai Shimbunsha)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

鳥取県東半部の旧国名。山陰道八か国の一つ。東を但馬(たじま)、西を伯耆(ほうき)、南を播磨(はりま)・美作(みまさか)に接し、北は日本海に面している。南部には中国山地の連峰があり、山地が多い。中央部を千代(せんだい)川が貫流し、下流に鳥取平野が開け、海岸には砂丘が発達している。鳥取平野の南東にある国史跡梶山(かじやま)古墳は彩色壁画をもち、このほかにも線刻壁画をもつ古墳が数多く存在し、装飾古墳は因幡の古墳文化を特色づけるものである。『延喜式(えんぎしき)』によると因幡国は、巨濃(この)、法美(ほうみ)、邑美(おうみ)、八上(やかみ)、智頭(ちず)、高草(たかくさ)、気多(けた)の7郡50郷であった。『和名抄(わみょうしょう)』によると法美郡に稲羽(いなば)（稲葉）郷があり、この郷に国庁、国分寺などが置かれた（鳥取市国府町）。『万葉集』最後の一首は国司大伴家持(おおとものやかもち)がこの地で詠んだものである。このころ高草郡湖山池(こやまいけ)の東岸に東大寺領高庭荘(たかばのしょう)が開かれた。鎌倉時代には、佐々木高綱(たかつな)、海老名維則(えびなこれのり)が、建武(けんむ)新政では名和長年(なわながとし)、南北朝期には山名時氏(やまなときうじ)が守護となり、以後山名氏が因幡国を領有した。中世後期には漆、鉄、鋳物が産物としてあげられる。戦国末期に山名氏は本拠を邑美郡久松山の鳥取城に移し、以後この城下が因幡の中心地となった。1580年（天正8）豊臣(とよとみ)秀吉に攻められて山名氏は滅び、因幡には宮部、亀井、垣屋、木下の諸大名が入った。1600年（慶長5）関ヶ原の戦いにより、池田、山崎、亀井の諸大名が分割統治したが、1617年（元和3）池田光政(みつまさ)が因幡・伯耆32万石の領主として播磨（兵庫県）から因幡に移り、さらに1632年（寛永9）光政が備前(びぜん)岡山に移され、そのあとに従弟(いとこ)の池田光仲が備前から入った。以後、光仲の子孫が相伝えて幕末に至った。近世産業の中心は米作であるが、ほかに銅、生蝋(きろう)、椀(わん)、折敷(おしき)、紙などがある。学者大名池田冠山(かんざん)（定常。鳥取池田の分家鉄砲洲(てっぽうず)家1万5000石）、蘭学者(らんがくしゃ)稲村三伯(さんぱく)、歌人香川景樹(かげき)らはいずれも因幡の人である。

　1871年（明治4）廃藩置県によって、因幡・伯耆両国の鳥取藩はそのまま鳥取県となったが、76年島根県と合併した。鳥取士族の再置運動の結果、81年ふたたび鳥取県が置かれ、現在に及んでいる。

［福井淳人］

『『鳥取県史』全18巻（1969～82・鳥取県）』▽『『鳥取県郷土史』（1932・鳥取県／復刻版・1973・名著出版）』▽『山中寿夫著『鳥取県の歴史』（1970・山川出版社）』▽『徳永職男他著『ふるさとの歴史・江戸時代の因伯』上下（1978、80・新日本海新聞社）』

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