Turkish Studies - Turkish Calyx

Japanese: トルコ学 - トルコがく

A field of study that deals with the language, history, and culture of the Turkic peoples. Turkology in Europe and the United States began in ancient times when travelers, geographers, and diplomatic envoys who visited Western and Central Asia introduced the unique customs and habits of the Turkic peoples to the European world. A representative example is Marco Polo's The Travels of Marco Polo, published at the end of the 13th century. After the 15th and 16th centuries, as diplomatic and trade relations between the Ottoman Empire and European countries became closer, reports by travelers and diplomatic envoys became increasingly scholarly and systematic, covering not only customs and habits but also the Ottoman court system, state institutions, legal systems, and social and economic structures in general.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

トルコ系諸族の言語･歴史･文化を扱う学問。欧米におけるトルコ学は，古代以来，西アジアや中央アジアを訪れた旅行家，地理学者，外交使節が，トルコ諸族の特異な風俗･習慣をヨーロッパ世界に紹介することに始まった。13世紀末のマルコ･ポーロの《東方見聞録》などがその代表である。15～16世紀以後，オスマン帝国とヨーロッパ諸国との外交･貿易関係が密接になると，旅行家，外交使節などによる報告もしだいに学問的，体系的になり，風俗･習慣ばかりでなく，オスマン帝国の宮廷制度，国家機構，法制度および社会･経済機構全般に及ぶようになった。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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