Toribenyama

The title of a jiuta (traditional Japanese folk song) and a Miyazono-bushi (traditional Japanese folk song). The original version of "Toribeyama Shinju" was performed in January 1706 (the third year of the Hoei era) at the Miyako Mandayu-za in Kyoto, where the character was Oman Gengobei, but in the summer of the same year, it was performed at the Iwai-za in Osaka, where the character was Osome Hankuro, and the lyrics of the journey from that performance became the jiuta "Toribeyama." This is said to have been added by Chikamatsu Monzaemon. Meanwhile, the Miyazono-bushi version was composed by the first Miyazono Ranpoken. The man and woman's name is Ukihashi Nuinosuke because it is based on the fifth chapter, "Michiyuki Hitome no Shigenui," from the 1766 (Meiwa 3) Gidayu-bushi "Taiheiki Chuushin Koshaku," a collaborative work by Chikamatsu Hanji and others, and follows the plot in which Enya Hangan's younger brother Nuinosuke dotes on the courtesan Keisei Ukihashi, and his entourage flatters the two at a teahouse to perform a journey that resembles the "Toribeyama Shinju." The lyrics are adapted from jiuta and partially altered, but they have become a masterpiece that represents Miyazono.

[Kiyohiro Hayashi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

地歌(じうた)および宮薗節(みやぞのぶし)の曲名。『鳥辺山心中』の原典は1706年（宝永3）正月、京都都万太夫(みやこまんだゆう)座上演のもので、このときはおまん源五兵衛の役名であったが、同年夏、大坂・岩井座でお染半九郎の役名で上演され、その道行の詞章が地歌の『鳥辺山』となった。これは近松門左衛門の加筆といわれる。一方、宮薗節のほうは初世宮薗鸞鳳軒(らんぽうけん)作曲。男女の名が浮橋縫之助(うきはしぬいのすけ)になっているのは、1766年（明和3）近松半二ほか合作の義太夫節『太平記忠臣講釈』の第五「道行人目(みちゆきひとめ)の重縫(しげぬい)」が典拠になっているためで、塩冶(えんや)判官の弟縫之助が傾城(けいせい)浮橋を溺愛(できあい)しているのを、取り巻き連中が茶屋で両人をおだてて「鳥辺山心中」に見立てた道行の場をやらせる趣向を踏襲しているためである。詞章は地歌のものを転用し、部分的に手を加えているが、宮薗を代表する名曲になっている。

［林喜代弘］

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