Delibes - Clément Philibert Léo Delibes

French composer. He was taught music by his mother and studied organ and composition at the Paris Conservatory. From the age of 17, he worked as an organist at the Church of Saint-Pierre-de-Chaillot in Paris and as a piano accompanist at the Lyric Theatre. He released his first operetta in 1856. From 1863 onwards, he worked as an accompanist and choral conductor at the Paris Opera, during which time he composed choral music and opéra comiques. In 1866, he achieved success with his first ballet, Fountain (co-written with Minkus), which earned him fame as a ballet composer. He then achieved great success with Coppélia (1870) and Sylvia (1876), both of which were based on novels by E. T. A. Hoffmann. Both works are also known as suites based on ballet music. His most successful opera was Lakme (1883), which is famous for its virtuoso soprano aria, "The Bell Song." In 1981 he became professor of composition at the Paris Conservatoire, and in 1984 he was elected a member of the Academie.

[Yoshio Miyama]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

フランスの作曲家。母から音楽の手ほどきを受け、パリ音楽院でオルガン、作曲などを学ぶ。17歳からパリのサン・ピエール・ド・シャイヨ教会のオルガン奏者を務めつつ、リリック座のピアノ伴奏者としても働いた。1856年最初のオペレッタを発表。63年以後はパリ・オペラ座で伴奏者、合唱指揮者などを歴任、その間、合唱曲、オペラ・コミックなどを作曲した。66年、彼の最初のバレエ『泉』（ミンクスと共作）で成功、バレエ作曲家としての名声を獲得し、ついでE・T・A・ホフマンの小説による『コッペリア』（1870）、『シルビア』（1876）も大成功を収めた。両作品ともバレエ音楽をもとにした組曲としても知られている。オペラのなかでもっとも成功した作品は『ラクメ』（1883）で、そのなかの技巧的なソプラノのアリア「鐘の歌」は有名。81年パリ音楽院の作曲の教授に就任、84年にはアカデミー会員に選ばれた。

［美山良夫］

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