Drakon - Drakon (English spelling)

Japanese: ドラコン - どらこん(英語表記)Drakon
Drakon - Drakon (English spelling)

Date of birth and death unknown. Athenian lawgiver in the late 7th century BC. After the failure of Chiron's tyrannical establishment in 632/631 BC, he was specially appointed in 621/620 BC (or 624/623 BC) to enact and publish the first written law of Athens based on the legal practices up to that point. He is credited with putting a stop to the arbitrary administration of justice by the aristocracy by explicitly codifying the laws that had been left to the interpretation of the aristocracy, who had monopoly on judicial power, and by putting a written law in writing for all citizens, including commoners. The only characteristic of this law is said to be the severity of the punishments, and all laws except for the law on murder were abolished by Solon at the beginning of the 6th century BC. The law on murder remained in effect until the 4th century BC.

[Nobuyuki Maezawa]

[Reference] | Dragon's Code

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

生没年不詳。紀元前7世紀後半のアテネの立法者。前632/631年のキロンによる僭主(せんしゅ)政樹立の失敗ののちに、前621/620(または前624/623)年、特別の任命により、それまでの法慣行を基礎とするアテネ最初の成文法を制定、公開した。裁判権を独占する貴族の解釈にゆだねられていた法を、平民をも含む市民全員のものとして明文化し、貴族による恣意(しい)的な裁判運営に歯止めを設けたものと評価されている。その特徴としては、刑罰の過酷さのみが伝えられており、殺人の法を除いて、すべての法は前6世紀の初めにソロンによって廃止された。殺人の法については、前4世紀に至るまで有効な法として受け継がれた。

[前沢伸行]

[参照項目] | ドラコンの法典

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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