Togashi-shi

Also called "Togase." A Kaga shugo family in the Muromachi period. A branch of the Hayashi clan, whose ancestor was Chinjufu Shogun Toshihito. Based in Togashisho, Ishikawa County, Kaga Province (Kanazawa City), they established their influence as a local government official Togashinosuke by the end of the Heian period. After the Hayashi clan fell along with Kiso Yoshinaka, they expanded their influence. Yasuie is famous for blocking Minamoto no Yoshitsune at Ataka Barrier. From the Kenmu Restoration to the Kanno Disturbance, they were active on the side of Ashikaga Takauji and Yoshiakira. In 1335 (Kenmu 2), Takaie was appointed as the Kaga Shugo for the first time. To secure their position, the Togashi clan, an outside Shugo family, served the Shogun closely and became embroiled in political struggles and upheavals in the central government. The Shugo position then went to the Shiba clan for a time, but was returned to them in the early 15th century and divided between Mitsunari and Mitsuharu. After the Kakitsu War (1441), the forces of Noriie and Nariharu and Yasutaka, and during the Onin War and Bunmei War, the forces of Masachika and Kochiyo involved the Ikko-shu and divided the country in two. During that time, the Akamatsu clan was temporarily appointed as the Shugo of half of the country.

Kaga was home to many manors and Gozan estates that supported the shogunate's finances. Their existence served as a barrier to strengthening control over the country. Military expenses for internal conflicts and foreign invasions were concentrated on the general manors, which was one of the causes of the Chokyo Ikki (1488), and Masachika committed suicide at Takao Castle. After Masachika's death, the position of shugo was passed on to Yasutaka and Taneyasu, but from the early 16th century they were transformed into local servants and then disappeared from the surface of history.

[Kinryu Shizuka]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

「とがせ」とも称す。室町時代の加賀守護家。鎮守府将軍利仁(としひと)を祖とする林氏の庶流。加賀国石川郡富樫庄(しょう)（金沢市）を本拠とし、平安時代末までに在庁官人(ざいちょうかんじん)富樫介(とがしのすけ)として勢力を築く。林氏が木曽義仲(きそよしなか)とともに没落したのち、勢力を拡大。泰家(やすいえ)は、源義経(みなもとのよしつね)を安宅(あたか)ノ関で阻んだ人物として著名。建武新政(けんむのしんせい)から観応(かんのう)の擾乱(じょうらん)の時期にかけて終始足利尊氏(あしかがたかうじ)・義詮(よしあきら)勢として活躍。1335年（建武2）高家が初めて加賀守護の地位についた。外様(とざま)守護家たる富樫氏は、その地位の確保のため、将軍に近侍し、中央の政争・政変に巻き込まれていった。守護職はその後一時斯波(しば)氏へ渡り、15世紀初頭に還付され、満成(みつなり)と満春(みつはる)とに分けられた。嘉吉(かきつ)の乱（1441）後、教家(のりいえ)・成春(なりはる)勢と泰高(やすたか)勢とが、さらに応仁(おうにん)・文明(ぶんめい)の乱時には、政親(まさちか)勢と幸千代(こうちよ)勢とが一向衆を巻き込んで、国内を二分して戦った。その間一時赤松(あかまつ)氏が半国守護に補任(ぶにん)されもした。

　加賀には幕府財政を支える料所や五山(ござん)系荘園(しょうえん)が多い。その存在は国内支配権強化の壁となった。内紛・外征の軍費は一般荘園に集中的に課せられ、長享一揆(ちょうきょういっき)（1488）の一因となり、政親は高尾城(たこうじょう)で自害した。政親没後、守護職は泰高(やすたか)、稙泰(たねやす)へと継承されたが、16世紀初期から在国奉公衆と化し、その後歴史の表面から姿を消した。

［金龍　静］

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