Movement to overthrow the shogunate

Japanese: 倒幕運動 - とうばくうんどう

A political movement aimed at overthrowing the Edo Shogunate. In the narrow sense, it refers to a movement to overthrow the Shogunate that aimed to break away from anti-foreignism and establish a centralized state, and is distinguished from the Sonno Joi Movement and the Taisei Hokan Movement. The Sonno Joi Movement even developed into an armed uprising, but failed as it lacked a popular base. After the Anglo-Satsuma War and the Shimonoseki War, forces emerged that abandoned xenophobia and sought a centralized state based on a wealthy country and strong military, and after the formation of the Satsuma-Choshu Alliance, the movement to overthrow the Shogunate began in earnest. In the second Choshu Expedition, the Choshu clan defeated the Shogunate forces with the help of the Kiheitai. The Tosa clan promoted the idea of a public government system, which aimed for a peaceful transition to a unified nation and opposed the armed anti-shogunate faction, and realized the restoration of imperial rule on November 9, 1867 (October 14, Keio 3), the day after the anti-shogunate faction received a secret imperial decree to overthrow the shogunate. However, the anti-shogunate faction made a comeback at the Kogosho Conference, and their demands were realized through the Boshin War.
→ Related topics Inoue Kaoru | National Studies (Early Modern Period) | Satsuma-Tosa Alliance | Pro-Shogunate | Emperor | Totsukawa Incident | Japan | Fujita Denzaburo | Rikuen-tai

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

江戸幕府打倒をめざす政治運動。狭義には，攘夷(じょうい)主義を脱し中央集権国家樹立をめざす幕府討滅運動をいい，尊王攘夷運動や大政奉還運動と区別。尊王攘夷運動は武力蜂起(ほうき)にまで発展したが，民衆的基盤をもちえず失敗した。薩英戦争，馬関戦争を経て，排外主義をすて富国強兵による中央集権国家を志向する勢力が台頭し，薩長同盟の結成後，倒幕運動は本格化した。第２次長州征伐において長州藩は奇兵隊の活躍で幕府軍を破った。土佐藩が推進する公議政体論は，統一国家への平和的移行をめざして武力倒幕派と対抗し，倒幕派が倒幕の密勅を得た翌日の1867年11月９日（慶応３年10月14日）に大政奉還を実現した。しかし小御所会議で倒幕派が巻き返し，戊辰(ぼしん)戦争を通じて倒幕派の主張が実現した。
→関連項目井上馨｜国学（近世）｜薩土盟約｜佐幕派｜天皇｜十津川の変｜日本｜藤田伝三郎｜陸援隊

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