Electroforming - Denchu

Japanese: 電鋳 - デンチュウ
Electroforming - Denchu

An operation that uses electroplating to precisely replicate the shape of an object. The master mold used for electroforming is called an electroform. The main types of electroplating used are copper, nickel, and iron. Electroforms include non-metallic ones such as synthetic resin, beeswax, gypsum, rubber, and wood, and metallic ones such as lead, low-melting-point lead alloys, copper, nickel, and silver. For non-metallic electroforms, it is necessary to apply an electrically conductive film by chemical plating or sputtering of silver, or by applying a suspension of graphite powder or copper powder. This film also acts as a release film after electroforming. For metallic electroforms, it is necessary to apply a release film,
(1) Formation of oxide films and compound films,
(2) Coating with an electrically conductive material such as graphite powder,
(3) Plating of dissimilar metal films with poor adhesion, such as silver,
Electroforming is used to mold complex shapes of plastics, such as gravure printing plates, crafts, portrait reliefs, dolls, gloves, etc. It is also used in the electronics industry for many operations, including printed wiring.

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

Japanese:

電気めっきを利用して物体の形を精密に複製する操作.電鋳をするために使用される母型を電型という.電気めっきの種類としては,おもに銅,ニッケル,鉄が用いられる.電型としては,合成樹脂,みつろう,セッコウ,ゴム類,木材のような非金属のものと,鉛,低融点鉛合金,銅,ニッケル,銀などの金属電型がある.非金属電型の場合は,銀の化学めっきあるいはスパッタリング,黒鉛粉,銅粉などの懸濁液の塗布などにより電気伝導性膜をつける必要がある.この膜は電鋳後のはく離膜の作用もする.金属電型の場合は,はく離膜をつける必要があり,
(1)酸化皮膜,化合物皮膜の生成,
(2)黒鉛粉末などの電気伝導物質の塗布,
(3)銀などの密着性の低い異種金属皮膜のめっき,
などの方法が行われている.電鋳は,グラビア印刷用版,工芸品,肖像レリーフ,あるいは人形,手袋など,プラスチックの複雑な形状の鋳型の成形に用いられている.また,電子工業においてプリント配線をはじめとする多くの操作に応用されている.

出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報

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