Ichiyakusou (medicinal herb) - Ichiyakusou (English spelling) Pyrola japonica

Japanese: イチヤクソウ(一薬草) - イチヤクソウ（英語表記）Pyrola japonica

An evergreen perennial plant of the Atractylaceae family. It grows in the shade of trees in mountainous areas throughout Japan, and has a long, slender underground stem. It has several thick, round, glossy leaves growing from the roots, dark green on top, but the underside and stalks may be reddish purple. In early summer, it produces a flower stalk 15-30 cm tall, at the top of which several white flowers hang downward. There are five sepals and five petals, and the filaments of the ten stamens are curved in the same direction. The style is long and protrudes outside the flower, curving upward. All of these, such as Jinyo Ichiyakusou, which has small, kidney-shaped leaves, Koichiyakusou, which is about 10 cm tall and slightly smaller, and Benibana Ichiyakusou, which has beautiful red flowers, grow in the subalpine zone from central Honshu northward.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

イチヤクソウ科の常緑多年草。日本各地の山地の木陰に生え，細長い地下茎がある。葉は数枚根生し，質が厚く，円形でつやがあり，上面は濃い緑色であるが，下面は柄とともに紅紫色を帯びることがある。初夏，高さ 15～30cmの花茎を出し，その上部に数個の白色の花を下向きにつける。萼片，花弁ともに5枚あり，10本のおしべの花糸は同じ方向に曲っている。花柱は長く花外に突き出し上方に湾曲する。葉が小型で腎臓形のジンヨウイチヤクソウ，高さ 10cmぐらいでやや小さいコイチヤクソウ，また紅色の美しい花をつけるベニバナイチヤクソウなどいずれも本州中部以北の亜高山帯に生える。

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