Ding Ling

Chinese female writer. Her real name was Jiang Bingzi. Other pen names she used include Bin Zhi and Cong Yan. She was born in Linfeng County, Hunan Province. After attending Shanghai Commoner Girls' School and Shanghai University, she entered the supplementary school attached to Beijing University. During her time in Shanghai, she was influenced by anarchism. In 1927, her first work, Mengke, was published in Monthly Novels. She published a series of novels, including Diary of Miss Shafei, which explores the pain of alienated self-realization. In 1930, she joined the China Leftist Writers League (Leftist League), and in 1931, after her husband Hu Yebin (one of the Five Leftist League Martyrs) was executed, she became the chief editor of the Leftist League's journal, Beidou. She joined the Communist Party. Her best works from this period were Water and Mother. In 1933, he was captured by the Kuomintang's special agents, and rumors of his conversion were heard, but in 1936, he escaped to the Shaan-Gan-Ning border area, where he engaged in cultural and propaganda work. He was the chief editor of the literary column of the Liberation Daily, and wrote works such as When I Was in Xia Village (1943), which depicts people rising up against Japan. In 1942, his Thoughts on International Women's Day was criticized, and he continued to write works aimed at self-improvement, winning the Stalin Prize for Literature for The Sun Shines on the Sangqian River (1948), which dealt with land reform. After liberation, he became the chief editor of Literary News and People's Literature. In 1957, he was criticized for his anti-rightist struggle, and the issue of his conversion and Thoughts on International Women's Day were once again brought up for discussion. He was subsequently sent to a farm in Beidahuang, and then imprisoned during the Cultural Revolution, but was rehabilitated in 1979. He wrote about his experiences during this time in his books "Niu Shelf Pieces" and "Du Wan Xiang." He served as vice chairman of the China Writers Association.

[Masako Kitaoka]

"When I was in Kasumi Village" translated by Toshio Okazaki (Iwanami Bunko)" ▽ "The Sun Shines on the Sangqian River" translated by Yutaka Takabatake (included in "Modern Chinese Literature 5", 1970, Kawade Shobo Shinsha)" ▽ "Autobiographical Recollections of Ding Ling" edited and translated by Midori Nakajima (1982, Asahi Shimbun)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国の女流作家。本名蒋冰姿。筆名はほかに彬芷(し)、叢喧など。湖南省臨豊県出身。上海(シャンハイ)平民女学校、上海大学を経て北京(ペキン)大学付設補習学校に入学。上海時代に無政府主義の影響を受ける。1927年処女作『夢珂(モンコ)』を『小説月報』に発表。疎外された自己実現の苦悩をテーマとした小説『莎菲(ソフイ)女士の日記』などを次々と発表。30年中国左翼作家連盟（左連）に加盟、31年夫胡也頻（左連五烈士の一）刑死後、左連機関誌『北斗』の主編となる。共産党に入党。『水』『母親』がこの期の佳作。33年国民党特務に捕らえられ、転向が取りざたされたが36年陝甘寧(せんかんねい)辺区に脱出。辺区での文化宣伝工作に従事。『解放日報』文芸欄主編を務め、抗日に立ち上がる人物像を描く『霞村にいた時』（1943）などの作がある。42年『国際婦人デーに思う』が批判を受け、自己改造を目ざした習作を重ね、土地改革をテーマとした『太陽は桑乾河を照らす』（1948）でスターリン文学賞を受賞。解放後『文芸報』『人民文学』主編。57年反右派闘争により批判を受け、転向問題や『国際婦人デーに思う』がふたたび俎上(そじょう)に上る。以後、北大荒の農場に下放され、さらに文化大革命中投獄されたが、79年に名誉回復。『牛棚小品』『杜晩香(トウワンシヤン)』にこの間の見聞体験をつづる。中国作家協会副主席を務めた。

［北岡正子］

『岡崎俊夫訳『霞村にいた時』（岩波文庫）』▽『高畠穣訳『太陽は桑乾河を照らす』（『現代中国文学5』所収・1970・河出書房新社）』▽『中島みどり編・訳『丁玲の自伝的回想』（1982・朝日新聞社）』

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