Crimes that undermine public confidence in currency (Articles 148 to 153 of the Penal Code). Counterfeiting currency is punished severely in all countries because it undermines the safety of transactions and throws the monetary economy into chaos. "Currency" refers to coins, paper money, and bank notes that have legal tender in Japan, and does not include old coins or obsolete coins (however, foreign currency that is actually used in Japan may be subject to this crime). This crime includes counterfeiting or altering currency with the intent of using it, or using, issuing, or importing counterfeit or altered currency (life imprisonment or imprisonment for three years or more), acquiring counterfeit or altered currency with the intent of using it (imprisonment for three years or less), knowingly using or issuing counterfeit or altered currency after acquiring it (a fine or penalty of up to three times the face value, but not less than 2,000 yen), and preparing equipment or raw materials for the purpose of counterfeiting or altering currency (imprisonment for three months to five years). With regard to foreign currency, the offense will only be punished if the person counterfeits or alters it with the intent of using it, or uses, issues, or imports counterfeit or altered currency (imprisonment for a fixed term of two years or more). [Tetsuro Nawa] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
通貨に対する公共の信用を害する罪(刑法148条~153条)。通貨の偽造は取引の安全を害し、貨幣経済を混乱に陥れるから、どこの国でも重く処罰される。「通貨」とは日本国内で強制通用力を有する貨幣、紙幣、銀行券をいい、古銭や廃銭はこれに含まれない(ただし、国内で事実上使用されている外国の通貨が本罪の客体とされる場合がある)。本罪には、通貨を行使の目的で偽造・変造したり、偽造・変造した通貨を行使・交付・輸入する場合(無期または3年以上の懲役)のほか、行使の目的で偽造・変造の通貨を収得する場合(3年以下の懲役)、偽造・変造の通貨を収得後このことを知りながら行使・交付する場合(その額面の3倍以下の罰金または科料。ただし2000円以下にすることはできない)、通貨の偽造・変造の目的で器械や原料を準備する場合(3月以上5年以下の懲役)がある。なお、外国の通貨に関しては、行使の目的で偽造・変造したり、偽造・変造の通貨を行使・交付・輸入する場合に限り処罰される(2年以上の有期懲役)。 [名和鐵郎] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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