Born: May 26, 1700 in Dresden Died: May 9, 1760. Herrnhut German religious leader who founded the Herrnhut Brethren. He studied law and theology at the University of Wittenberg and served at the Saxon court in Dresden. There he met members of the Bohemian Brethren who had fled persecution, which marked the beginning of the Herrnhut Brethren. However, the Brethren faced strong oppression, and in 1736 he was expelled from Saxony and moved to Wetteau, where he founded a new Brethren in Hernhaug and protected the persecuted Moravian Brethren in Bohemia. In 1737, in order to prevent the organization of the Brethren from being separated from the episcopate of apostolic succession, he was consecrated as a bishop in Berlin, and went on missionary work in the West Indies and Pennsylvania. In 1747, his expulsion from Saxony was lifted. Theologically, he emphasized the emotional element in religion and preached a "religion of the heart." Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1700.5.26. ドレスデン [没]1760.5.9. ヘルンフート ヘルンフート兄弟団を設立したドイツの宗教指導者。ウィッテンベルク大学で法律,神学を学び,ドレスデンのザクセン宮廷に出仕した。その地で迫害を逃れたボヘミア兄弟団員を知り,これがヘルンフート兄弟団の始りとなった。しかし兄弟団に対する圧迫も強く,1736年にはザクセンから追放され,ウェッテラウに移り,ヘルンハーグで新たな兄弟団を設立したり,ボヘミアで迫害されたモラビア兄弟団を保護したりした。 37年にはこの兄弟団の組織を使徒継承の監督制度から分離しないようにするためにベルリンで監督としての聖別を受け,西インド諸島,ペンシルバニアへ伝道活動におもむいた。 47年にはザクセンからの追放が解除された。神学的には,宗教における感情的要素を強調して,「心の宗教」を説いた。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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