Chinese astronomy - Chinese astronomy

Japanese: 中国天文学 - ちゅうごくてんもんがく（英語表記）Chinese astronomy

The history of Chinese astronomy can be seen as the history of the development of the calendar system. During the Yin dynasty, the lunisolar calendar began to be created. During the Zhou dynasty, a cosmology combining a flat earth and a hemispherical sky (the Gaitian theory) was developed, and during the Later Han dynasty, the Armillary Sphere theory appeared, but there were no further developments after this. Instead, interest was focused on the calendar system, and the calendar was revised several dozen times. During the Qing dynasty, the Western calendar was imported, and when the solar calendar was introduced in 1912, the first year of the Republic of China, serious astronomy research began again. The armillary sphere, which has been used for observation since ancient times, is as sophisticated as the Western quadrant (→quadrant), and its records have been well preserved for the needs of astrology and are useful as reference material. (→Chinese calendar)

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

中国天文学の歴史は，主として暦法の発達史といえる。殷代に，太陰太陽暦がつくられはじめた。周代には平坦な大地と半球形の天を組合せた宇宙論 (蓋天説 ) が展開され，後漢になって渾天説 (こんてんせつ) が現れたが，以後これらの発展はなく，暦法に興味を集中するようになり，数十回にわたって暦の改定が行われている。清朝になって西洋の暦法が輸入され，さらに中華民国1 (1912) 年に太陽暦に切替えられると，再び本格的な天文学の研究も開始された。観測用に古くから用いられた渾天儀は，西洋の四分儀 (→象限儀 ) に劣らぬ精巧なもので，その記録も占星術の必要からよく保存されて，資料として役に立っている。 (→中国暦 ) 　

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