British veterinarian, inventor, and businessman. Famous for his success with the pneumatic rubber tire. While practicing veterinary medicine in Belfast, Ireland, he was inspired by the flatulence of cattle, and wrapped an air-filled rubber bag in strong canvas and wrapped it around a bicycle wheel. His motivation came from seeing his children often tripping over stones and getting injured while riding bicycles with round rubber tires at the time. Finding that it was easy to ride and fast, he patented it as a pneumatic tire (1888). In 1889, he founded a pneumatic tire manufacturing company in collaboration with William Harvey du Cros (1846-1918). The business grew rapidly, and he went on to Malaya in search of raw rubber, where he ran a large rubber plantation. The first person to use pneumatic tires on automobiles was André Michelin (1853-1931) of France, and their popularity after he won a car race was remarkable. [Junji Kawamata] [References] | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イギリスの獣医、発明家、実業家。空気入りゴムタイヤの成功で有名。アイルランドのベルファストで獣医を開業中、ウシの鼓腸症からヒントを得て、空気で膨らましたゴム袋をじょうぶな帆布で包み、自転車の車輪に巻いてみた。動機は、彼の子供が当時の丸ゴムタイヤの自転車で、しばしば石につまずいてけがをするのを見てのことであった。乗りやすさとスピードを出せることがわかったので、これを空気入りタイヤとして特許をとった(1888)。1889年にデュクロWilliam Harvey du Cros(1846―1918)と共同して、空気入りタイヤ製造会社を設立した。事業は急速に発展し、さらに原料の生ゴムを求めてマレーに進出し、そこで大規模なゴム園事業を行った。空気入りタイヤを自動車に初めて利用したのは、フランスのミシュランAndré Michelin(1853―1931)で、彼が自動車競走に勝利して以降の普及には目覚ましいものがあった。 [川又淳司] [参照項目] | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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