Tang Zǐ (English: Tang Zǐ)

Japanese: 堂子 - タンツ（英語表記）táng zǐ

A building for worshiping gods unique to the Qing Dynasty of China. It was a national ceremonial site for shamanism unique to the Manchu people, where the emperor himself bowed to the heavens on New Year's Day and other important ceremonies were held. The priests were female shamans, and Han Chinese were not allowed to participate. It was built whenever the Qing Dynasty moved its capital, and the one that had been in Beijing since the beginning of the country was burned down in the Boxer Rebellion in 1900 (the 26th year of the Guangxu era), so it was rebuilt the following year in the southeast of the Imperial Palace. There is a shrine and other facilities to the north, centered around an octagonal hall for worshiping the heavens, but they are smaller in scale.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

中国，清朝独特の神を祭るための建物。満州民族固有のシャマニズムの国家的祭場で，正月元旦に皇帝みずから天を拝したほか重要な祭儀が行われた。司祭には女巫が当たる規定で，漢人の参加は許されなかった。清朝が都をうつすごとに必ず設けられ，北京にあった国初以来のものは，1900年(光緒26)の義和団事変で焼けたので，翌年宮城の南東に再建された。八角の拝天圜殿（えんでん）を中心として北に祭神殿などがあるが，その規模は小さくなっている。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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