Tartarus - Tartaros (English spelling)

Japanese: タルタロス - たるたろす(英語表記)Tartaros
Tartarus - Tartaros (English spelling)

In Greek mythology, Tartarus is the personification of the deepest part of the underworld that was created from Chaos during the creation of the world. It is also the bottomless abyss in the underworld where the most wicked criminals are cast. The distance between the lowest part and Hades, the ruler of the underworld, is said to be equal to the distance between the earth and the heavens. It was a prison where losers of power struggles between the gods, such as Cyclopes and Titans, rebels against the gods, or blasphemers, such as Tantalus, Sisyphus, and Ixion, were cast. Tartarus was feared because even the Olympian gods could be cast here if they disobeyed Zeus. However, over time it came to be identified with the underworld itself.

[Teruo Ito]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ギリシア神話の天地生成で、カオス(混沌(こんとん))から生じた地下のもっとも奥底にあたる部分の擬人化。また冥界(めいかい)においては極悪の重罪人が落とされるという底なしの奈落(ならく)。そのいちばん下の部分と冥界の支配者ハデスとの距離は、大地と天の間のそれと等しいという。キクロペスやティタンのような神々の権力争いの敗者とか、タンタロス、シシフォス、イクシオンのような神々への反逆者、あるいは冒涜者(ぼうとくしゃ)が落とされる牢獄(ろうごく)であった。ゼウスに背けばオリンポスの神々さえもここに投げ込まれるので、タルタロスは恐れられていた。しかし、時代が下ると冥界そのものと同一視されるようになった。

[伊藤照夫]

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