Veterans Association - Zaigōgunjinkai

Japanese: 在郷軍人会 - ざいごうぐんじんかい
Veterans Association - Zaigōgunjinkai

A general term for an organization of military personnel not serving in the military. Membership is often given to veterans who served in a particular war or military veterans who have distinguished themselves in battle. They vary in nature from simple social groups to political pressure groups, but most of them focus on providing welfare for veterans and their families, helping the poor, and promoting morality and social justice, and generally tend to be patriotic and militaristic. Veteran organizations existed in ancient Rome, but it was not until the 19th century that veterans' associations with non-military activities appeared. Around the time of World War I, major organizations such as the American Association for Veterans of Overseas Wars (1914), the American Legion (1919), and the British Legion (1921) were established. France has a National Federation of Veterans. In Japan, the Imperial Veterans' Association was established in 1910 (Meiji 43). In 1950, the World Federation of Veterans was formed in Paris to coordinate the activities of veterans' associations from around the world.

[Kameno Masao]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

現役として軍務に服さない軍人の団体の一般的名称。特定の戦争に参加した退役軍人や武功をたてた軍人に会員資格を与える場合が多い。単なる親睦(しんぼく)団体から政治的な圧力団体まで、性格はさまざまであるが、多くは退役軍人や家族の福利厚生、生活困窮者の救済、道徳や社会正義の実現などを活動領域としており、一般に愛国的、軍国主義的傾向にある。在郷軍人の団体は古代ローマ時代にすでに存在したが、非軍事的活動を目的とする在郷軍人会が現れたのは19世紀に入ってからで、第一次世界大戦前後には、アメリカの海外戦争復員協会(1914)やアメリカン・リージョン(1919)、イギリスのブリティッシュ・リージョン(1921)などの主要な団体が設立された。フランスには全国在郷軍人連盟などがある。なお、日本では帝国在郷軍人会が1910年(明治43)に組織された。1950年には各国の在郷軍人会の活動を調整する世界在郷軍人連盟がパリで結成された。

[亀野邁夫]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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