Anal prolapse

Japanese: 脱肛 - だっこう（英語表記）Anal prolapse

What is the disease?

This is a disease in which the mucous membrane of the anus or lower rectum protrudes outside the anus. Anal mucosa prolapse ( This year's milestone ) It is also called. Internal hemorrhoids ( Personal statement ) It can also refer to a condition in which the cyst progresses and begins to protrude outside the anus.

What is the cause?

There are various causes of mucosal prolapse. sphincter ( Business ) In some cases, the anal passages and the tissues supporting the anal and rectal mucosa have weakened, causing the mucosa to prolapse (Figure 10).

Some cases are caused by problems after undergoing anal surgery, but the most common is the progression of internal hemorrhoids.

How symptoms manifest

The mucous membrane secretes secretions, but when the mucous membrane escapes from the anus, it is irritated and the secretions increase. If underwear becomes dirty or secretions adhere to the area around the anus, eczema occurs, causing itching and a sticky, damp feeling. In addition, the mucous membrane is weak, so when it escapes from the anus, it is rubbed and injured, which causes bleeding and pain.

In cases of hemorrhoidal prolapse, the prolapsed hemorrhoids sometimes remain prolapsed (hemorrhoidal Incarceration ( Kanton ) The patient is in a state of severe pain and Necrosis ( Replying to @sarah_mcdonald ) Infection may occur, causing rot and, in severe cases, fever.

Treatment methods

To completely cure the condition, surgical treatment is required for the prolapsed part of the mucosa. Ligation ( Results ) The prolapsed mucosa can be treated with therapy, or it can be surgically removed in a manner similar to hemorrhoidectomy.

In cases where the condition is caused by a loose anal passage, a ring made of nylon or other material may be surgically inserted into the opening of the anus to tighten it.

If a prolapsed hemorrhoid becomes incarcerated, it is treated in the same way as an incarcerated hemorrhoid.

What to do if you notice an illness

Pay attention to hygiene around the anus. When bathing or after defecation, wash the area around the anus thoroughly with warm water, and make an effort to keep the area clean by leaving it to dry after washing. Wear underwear that is breathable. Also, avoid ingesting stimulants and alcohol.

Consciously tightening your sphincter muscles to tighten your anus can also be effective in preventing mucosal prolapse.

If bleeding, prolapse, or pain due to mucosal prolapse worsens despite the above precautions, use suppositories or ointments to suppress inflammation caused by mucosal prolapse around the anus. If this does not improve the condition, consider outpatient treatment or surgical treatment such as surgery.

Junichi Iwadare

Figure 10. Prolapse of the anus caused by weakening of the tissue supporting the anus
">

Figure 10 The tissue supporting the anus becomes weak, causing...

Source: Houken “Sixth Edition Family Medicine Encyclopedia” Information about the Sixth Edition Family Medicine Encyclopedia

Japanese:

どんな病気か

　肛門や直腸の下のほうの粘膜が肛門外に脱出する病気です。肛門粘膜脱(こうもんねんまくだつ)ともいいます。内痔核(ないじかく)が進んで、肛門の外に脱出するようになった状態を指すこともあります。

原因は何か

　粘膜脱を生じる原因にはさまざまなものがあります。加齢で肛門括約筋(かつやくきん)が弱くなり、また肛門や直腸粘膜を支えている組織が弱くなって粘膜が脱出するようになったものがあります（図10）。

　また、肛門の手術を受けたあとの障害でなったものもあります。しかし、最も多いのは内痔核の程度が進んでなったものです。

症状の現れ方

　粘膜は分泌液を分泌しますが、肛門外へ粘膜が脱出することで粘膜部分が刺激を受け、分泌液が増加します。下着が汚れたり、肛門周囲に分泌液が付着することで湿疹が生じ、痛がゆくなったり、ジメジメとべとついたりします。また、粘膜部分は弱いので肛門外に脱出するとこすられて傷つき、そのために出血や痛みがみられます。

　痔核の脱出によるものでは時に脱出したまま（痔核の嵌頓(かんとん)状態）となり、激しい痛みが現れ、一部に壊死(えし)、感染がみられ、腐ったり、ひどくなると発熱することもあります。