Continental Congress

Japanese: 大陸会議 - たいりくかいぎ（英語表記）Continental Congress

The central organization of the 13 colonies during the American Revolutionary War. The first convention was held in Philadelphia on September 5, 1774, by representatives of the 12 colonies excluding Georgia, to deal with the "Intolerable Acts" enacted by the British Parliament in 1774. This convention passed resolutions to protect the rights and freedoms of the colonies from the oppression of the mother country, and formed the Continental Boycott League, and was dissolved on October 26. The second convention was held on May 10, 1775, by representatives of the 13 states, and while they hoped for reconciliation with the mother country, they appointed George Washington as commander-in-chief of the colonial army, and in the spring of 1776, they decided to become independent, adopting the Declaration of Independence on July 2 and officially promulgating it on the 4th. In November 1777, they ratified the "Articles of Confederation," which could be called the first constitution of the United States. Even after the Articles of Confederation were officially established with Maryland's ratification in 1781, the Continental Congress continued to exist, still known as the Confederated Congress, until it ceased to exist in 1789 after the United States Constitution came into effect in 1788.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

アメリカ独立戦争における十三植民地の中央組織。第1回会議は，1774年イギリス本国議会が成立させた「耐えがたい諸法（懲罰諸法）」に対処するため，同 1774年9月5日からフィラデルフィアでジョージアを除く 12植民地の代表によって開かれた。この会議は本国の圧政から植民地の権利と自由を守るための決議，大陸不買同盟の結成などをして 10月26日解散。第2回会議は，1775年5月10日から 13邦の代表が参集して開かれ，本国との和解を希望しながらも，ジョージ・ワシントンを植民地軍の総司令官に任命，翌 1776年春には独立に踏み切り，7月2日にアメリカ独立宣言を採択，4日正式に公布。1777年11月アメリカ合衆国初の憲法ともいうべき「連合規約」を承認した。1781年メリーランドの批准により正式に「連合規約」が成立したのちも，大陸会議は連合会議とも呼ばれて存続し，1788年アメリカ合衆国憲法が発効されたのち，1789年に消滅した。

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