A late Paleolithic culture with the Solutre site in the middle Rhône River basin in France as its reference site. It began around 20,000 years ago and continued until the warm and humid Lascaux glacial period around 17,000 years ago. Its main distribution is between the Loire River and the Pyrenees west of the Rhône River, but it is also found in surrounding areas, including Spain. With regard to the issue of origin and cultural penetration, it has been compared to the Kostenki site in Ukraine, the Szereta culture in Hungary, and the Ater culture in North Africa, but all of them are considered to have a large chronological time difference. Today, the theory that the Solutre culture originated in France is more prevalent. It is characterized by its pointed vessels with low impact angles and detailed adjustments on the entire surface. According to the vessel shape, it is divided into the early period (single-sided adjusted points), middle period (laurel leaf-shaped points), and late period (willow leaf-shaped points, shouldered points). Bone needles are currently the oldest. Although art is scarce, the reliefs at the Roc de Sales site are notable for their animal themes. [Ichiro Yamanaka] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フランス、ローヌ川中流域のソリュートレ遺跡を標準遺跡とする後期旧石器時代文化。2万年前ごろに始まり、1万7000年前ごろの温暖湿潤なラスコー休氷期まで続いた。ローヌ川以西のロアール川からピレネー山脈の間が分布の中心であるが、スペインを含め、その周辺地域にも認められる。起源および文化浸透の問題をめぐり、ウクライナのコステンキ遺跡、ハンガリーのスツェレタ文化、北アフリカのアテル文化に対比されたが、それらはすべて編年学的に時間差が大きいとされた。今日ではソリュートレ文化のフランス起源説が強い。打撃角の低い細部調整を全面に及ぼした尖頭(せんとう)器に特徴がある。その器形に従って、前期(片面調整尖頭器)、中期(月桂樹(げっけいじゅ)葉形尖頭器)、後期(柳葉形尖頭器、有肩尖頭器)に区分される。また骨製針は現在、最古のものである。美術品は乏しいが、ロック・ド・セール遺跡の浮彫りは、主題の動物の彫り替えがあり有名である。 [山中一郎] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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