Vampire - Vampire

Japanese: 《吸血鬼》 - きゅうけつき
Vampire - Vampire

...On the other hand, the emerging Swedish film industry came to dominate Scandinavia instead of Danish film, and Danish film rapidly declined after World War I. Benjamin Christensen, who had a taste for the grotesque, made his debut with Secret Letter (1913) in Sweden, and shot The Witches (1919-21), known as his best work, in Sweden. He then went to Germany and then to Hollywood, where he buried his taste for the grotesque, born of Scandinavian mysticism, in American-made horror films such as The Devil's Circus (1926), The Ghost House (1928), and One Night of Terror (1929). Carl Dreyer, who made his debut with The Judge (1918) and Pages from the Book of Satan (1919), also traveled through Sweden, France, and Germany (his masterpiece of horror films, The Vampire (1932), was a German-French coproduction), and continued his solitary path until finally returning to Denmark after the war. After that, the names of directors who came to prominence in the 1960s, such as Henning Carlsen (Hunger, 1966; When the Petals Get Wet, 1967), and Jens Jørgen Thorssen (Quiet Days of Clichy, 1970), who emerged in the 1970s, are remembered.

From [Hair dryer]

...Next, influenced by DW Griffith's Intolerance (1916), he directed Pages from Satan's Diary (1919), which depicts human treachery in four different eras. He was active as an international director, making The Vicar's Widow (1920) in Sweden, Michael (1924) in Germany, The Master (1925) back in Denmark, Joan of Arc in France, and the first talkie, The Vampire (1932), both in Germany and France. He sought his own style while absorbing influences such as German Kammerspiel (chamber drama) and French avant-garde film, but he was consistent throughout, placing importance on precise sets and the faces of the actors, even in minor roles, and creating images that forced the audience to tense up so that they could sense even the nuances of the details of the image, and this tension increased with each film. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Vampire" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…また他方では,新興のスウェーデン映画がデンマーク映画に代わって北欧を支配するようになり,第1次世界大戦後のデンマーク映画は急速に衰弱していく。《密書》(1913)でデビューした怪奇趣味のベンヤミン・クリステンセンBenjamin Christensenは,スウェーデンで彼の最高傑作として知られる《魔女》(1919‐21)を撮り,それからドイツをへてハリウッドにいき,《悪魔の曲馬団》(1926),《妖怪屋敷》(1928),《恐怖の一夜》(1929)といったアメリカ製の〈ホラー映画〉に北欧の神秘主義から生まれたその怪奇趣味を埋没させ,また,《裁判長》(1918)と《サタンの書の数頁》(1919)でデビューしたカール・ドライヤーも,スウェーデン,フランス,ドイツをへて(怪奇映画の傑作として知られる《吸血鬼》(1932)はドイツとフランスの合作映画である)戦後になってやっとまたデンマークに戻るまで孤高の歩みを続けることになった。 その後は60年代に脚光を浴びたヘニング・カールセン(《飢え》1966,《花弁が濡れるとき》1967),70年代に登場したイェンス・ヨーゲン・トースン(《クリシーの静かな日々》1970)といった監督の名が記憶される。…

【ドライヤー】より

…つづいて,D.W.グリフィス監督の《イントレランス》(1916)の影響をうけ,四つの時代における人間の背信行為を描いた《サタンの日記の数頁》(1919)を撮る。《牧師の未亡人》(1920)はスウェーデンで,《ミヒャエル》(1924)はドイツで,《あるじ》(1925)はデンマークに戻って,《裁かるるジャンヌ》はフランス,トーキー第1作の《吸血鬼》(1932)はドイツとフランスというぐあいに国際的監督として活躍した。ドイツの〈室内劇(カンマーシュピール)〉,フランスの〈アバンギャルド映画〉などの影響を吸収しつつスタイルを模索するが,終始一貫していたのは〈精確なセット〉と端役に至るまでの出演者の〈顔〉を重視し,観客に映像の細部のニュアンスまで感じとるよう緊張を強いる画面づくりで,その緊張度は作品を追って高まった。…

※「《吸血鬼》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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