1872‐1917 Polish physicist. He spent his formative years in Vienna, studying under J. Stephan and F. Exner at the University of Vienna from 1890 to 1895. He then studied in Paris, Glasgow, and Berlin, and began working at Lviv University in 1899. He began researching Brownian motion around 1900, and independently of A. Einstein, developed a theory based on kinetic thermomolecular theory, pointing out in particular that Brownian motion contradicts the second law of thermodynamics and emphasizing the probabilistic nature of this law. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1872‐1917 ポーランドの物理学者。成長期をウィーンで過ごし,1890‐95年の間,ウィーン大学のJ.シュテファンやF.エクスナーの下で学んだ。その後,パリ,グラスゴー,ベルリンの各地で研究し,99年からリボフ大学で職に就いた。1900年ころからブラウン運動についての研究を始め,A.アインシュタインとは独立に,熱分子運動論に基づく理論を展開,とくにブラウン運動が熱力学の第2法則に反することを指摘し,この法則の確率的性格を強調した。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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