Stinkhorn - Stinkhorn

Japanese: スッポンタケ - すっぽんたけ(英語表記)stinkhorn
Stinkhorn - Stinkhorn

A basidiomycete mushroom in the order Phallidae and family Phallidae. The body is white, hollow, brittle, sponge-like, similar to styrofoam, 10-15 cm tall and 2-3 cm wide. The base is covered by a membranous, bag-like urn. On top of the body is a bell-shaped cap that is 3-5 cm high. The top of the cap is flat, and there is a hole in the middle that leads to the hollow part of the body. The surface of the cap has a mesh-like ridge that creates numerous polygonal depressions. The depressions are filled with a dark greenish-brown mucus that is a collection of spores that emits a strong foul odor and attracts flies, who then spread the spores.

At first, the turtle mushroom is a white globule resembling a turtle egg, 4-5 cm in diameter, with a soft shell inside which the mushroom body, wrapped in a thick layer of agar, is compressed. When it reaches maturity, the body suddenly expands, and a cap bearing dark green-brown glebas (the part that produces spores) is placed on top, breaking through the shell and growing. At that point, it looks like a turtle hatching from an egg. It grows on the ground in forests from summer to autumn, and is distributed widely around the world.

[Imaseki Rokuya]

A member of the turtle family

The young mushrooms of the stinkhorn family are all contained in a leathery shell and resemble reptile eggs. Many of the mushrooms have unusual shapes, and the clusters of spores are dark, mucus-like and always give off a foul odor. Classified as part of the Basidiomycota, Gastromycetes, and the order Stinkhorns, they are divided into two families, the Stinkhorn family and the Acanthoptera family. The former family includes foxglove mushrooms, foxglove taiman, acanthoptera, and stinkhorn mushrooms, while the latter family includes basket mushrooms, akakago mushrooms, ikatake mushrooms, red katatake mushrooms, crab claw mushrooms, and sun mushrooms.

[Imaseki Rokuya]

Major types of mushrooms (Basidiomycota) (7) [Specimen illustrations]
©Junzo Fujishima ">

Main types of mushrooms (Basidiomycota) (7) […


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

担子菌類、スッポンタケ目スッポンタケ科のキノコ。胴体は白く、発泡スチロールに似たもろいスポンジ状で中空、高さ10~15センチメートル、太さ2~3センチメートル。根元は膜質袋状の壺(つぼ)で包まれる。胴体の上に、高さ3~5センチメートルの鐘形の帽子をかぶる。帽子の上端は平板で、中央には胴体の中空部に通じる穴がある。帽子の表面には網目状の隆起があり、多角形のくぼみを多数つくる。くぼみの中は暗緑褐色の粘質物で満たされるが、これは胞子の集まりで、強い悪臭を放ってハエを誘い、胞子を伝播(でんぱ)させる。

 スッポンタケは、初めは径4~5センチメートルのカメの卵に似た白い球塊で、殻は軟らかく、中に厚い寒天層で包まれたキノコの本体が圧縮されて収まっている。成熟段階になると胴体が急に膨張し、暗緑褐色のグレバ(胞子をつくる部分)をもつ帽子をのせて殻を破って伸長する。そのときのようすは卵からかえるスッポンの姿に似る。夏から秋、林内の地上に発生し、世界的に広く分布する。

[今関六也]

スッポンタケの仲間

スッポンタケの仲間の幼菌は、いずれも皮質の殻に収まり、爬虫(はちゅう)類の卵に似る。キノコの形も風変わりなものが多く、胞子の集団は暗色の粘液状でつねに悪臭を放つ。分類的には担子菌門腹菌亜綱スッポンタケ目に含まれ、スッポンタケ科とアカカゴタケ科の二つに分かれる。前者にはキツネノエフデ、キツネノタイマツ、キヌガサタケ、スッポンタケなどがあり、後者にはカゴタケ、アカカゴタケ、イカタケ、アカイカタケ、カニノツメ、サンコタケなどがある。

[今関六也]

キノコのおもな種類(担子菌類)(7)〔標本画〕
©藤島淳三">

キノコのおもな種類(担子菌類)(7)〔…


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