Hermann Sudermann

Japanese: ズーダーマン - ずーだーまん(英語表記)Hermann Sudermann
Hermann Sudermann

German author. Born to a brewer near Heidekrug in East Prussia. After his father's business failed, he worked hard to study at universities in Berlin and elsewhere, and became a journalist. He made his debut as an author in 1887 with his first work, Madame Melancholia, but what really made him famous was the drama Honor, which was performed in 1889 by the Free Theater in Berlin after Hauptmann's Before Sunrise. This success made him a playwright who surpassed Schiller, and was called a representative writer of naturalism alongside Hauptmann. After that, he produced a series of dramas, including The End of Sodom (1891), which depicts the tragedy of an artist, Hometown (1893), which was performed in Japan in 1912 by Shimamura Hogetsu and Matsui Sumako's Art Theatre, and the comedy The Battle of the Butterflies (1895). However, Sudermann is not a naturalist author who originally belongs to the lineage of Ibsen. His dramas, incorporating the dialogue of French dialogue dramas seen in Dumas (the elder) and Sardou into the citizen theatre style of Iffland and Kotzebue, demonstrated "masterful theatrical arts" by using naturalistic techniques to depict current affairs at the turning point of the old and new eras. His plays were acclaimed by the masses for a time, but his true talent as a writer lay in his novels, which inherited Fontane's style and quickly showed the psychological description of Thomas Mann and the regional literature of Frensen and Lienhardt. His works include Cat Bridge (1889), The Mad Professor (1926), and Collected Works of Littauen (1917), which uses naturalistic techniques to depict the climate and life of his hometown.

[Yasushi Taniguchi]

"Cat Bridge" translated by Shungetsu Ikuta (Sougen Bunko)

[Reference] | Lady of Melancholy

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ドイツの作家。東プロイセンのハイデクルーク近郊でビール醸造業者の子として生まれる。父の事業の失敗後、苦学してベルリンなどの大学で学び、ジャーナリストとなる。1887年、処女作『憂愁夫人』で作家としてデビューしたが、彼の名を一躍高めたのは、89年ベルリンで「自由劇場」がハウプトマンの『日の出前』に続いて上演したドラマ『名誉』であった。この成功でシラーをもしのぐ劇作家として、ハウプトマンと並び自然主義を代表する作家と称せられた。以後、芸術家の悲劇を描いた『ソドムの末路』(1891)、1912年日本でも島村抱月(ほうげつ)・松井須磨子(すまこ)の芸術座により上演された『故郷』(1893)、さらに喜劇『蝶々(ちょうちょう)合戦』(1895)など次々にドラマを発表したが、ズーダーマンは本来イプセンの系譜に属する自然主義作家ではない。彼のドラマは、イフラント、コッツェブーなどの市民劇形式に、デュマ(父)、サルドゥーにみられるフランス対話劇の会話を取り入れ、新旧時代の転換期における時事問題を自然主義的手法で表した「舞台芸術の名人芸」を示すものであった。彼の芝居は一時期大衆の喝采(かっさい)を博したが、作家としての本領はフォンターネの作風を受け継ぎ、早くもトーマス・マンの心理的描写法やフレンセン、リーンハルトの郷土文学の特徴をうかがわせる小説にあった。作品としては『猫橋(ねこばし)』(1889)、『気の狂った教授』(1926)、故郷の風土と生活を自然主義的手法で描いた『リタウエン作品集』(1917)などがある。

[谷口 泰]

『生田春月訳『猫橋』(創元文庫)』

[参照項目] | 憂愁夫人

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