Xhosa; Xosa

Japanese: コーサ族 - コーサぞく(英語表記)Xhosa; Xosa
Xhosa; Xosa
A Bantu-speaking ethnic group in the southernmost part of South Africa, mainly living in the Eastern Cape Province. They belong to the Southern Nguni tribes. Homesteads are scattered and do not form settlements, but a group of them constitutes a political unit with a chief. A paramount chief and a supreme council control the local chiefs and councils, and have a clear military organization. They cultivate millet and corn, and raise cattle and goats, but due to overpopulation, many people migrate to large cities to work. They are patrilineal descent groups, and marriage within them is prohibited. Under the South African government's Bantustan (homeland) policy, Transkei was established in 1959 and Ciskei in 1961 as residential areas for the Xhosa, and they were later given nominal independence, but with the complete abolition of apartheid, both were incorporated into the Eastern Cape Province in 1994. The estimated population at the beginning of the 21st century was about 7.3 million.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
南アフリカ共和国のおもに東ケープ州に居住する,最南のバンツー語系の一民族。南ングニ諸族に属する。ホームステッドは散在し集落をなさないが,その集合体は政治単位を構成し,首長をもつ。最高首長と最高議会が地域の首長と議会を統御し,明確な軍事組織をもった。キビ,トウモロコシなどの耕作を行ない,ウシ,ヤギなどを飼うが,人口過剰のため大都市へ出稼ぎに出る者も多い。父系出自集団があり,その内部での婚姻は禁じられる。南アフリカ政府のバンツースタン(ホームランド)政策により,1959年にトランスケイ,1961年にシスケイがコーサ族の居住地区として設立され,のちに名目だけの独立を与えられたが,アパルトヘイトの全廃に伴い 1994年,いずれも東ケープ州に編入された。21世紀初頭の推定人口は約 730万。

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