Household number of people and horses change register - Household number of people and horses change register

Japanese: 家数人馬改帳 - いえかずじんばあらためちょう

In the Edo period, the shogunate and feudal domains created these ledgers by surveying the number of households, people, and horses in each village within their domains. In general, feudal lords in the early Edo period classified peasants into full, half, and quarter labor, or horse labor, and human labor, depending on their ability to pay labor, in order to collect labor labor. In order to know the total labor force within their domains in more detail, they conducted surveys such as household and human/animal surveys. These ledgers, called the household, human, and animal surveys, are valuable historical materials for understanding family structures and living arrangements before the creation of religious surveys, five-person group surveys (→Goningumicho Preface), and village detailed surveys. Among the surviving ledgers, the Hosokawa clan's "Kokura Domain Human and Animal Surveys" from 1611 and the "Higo Domain Human and Animal Surveys" from 10 Kan'ei (1933) are famous (included in the "Dai Nihon Kinsei Shiryo").

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

江戸時代，幕府，諸藩が領内の家数，人馬数などを村ごとに調査し作成した帳簿。一般に江戸時代初期の領主は，夫役 (ぶやく) 徴収の必要から農民を夫役負担能力により，本役，半役，四半役あるいは馬役，人役のように分けて把握したが，さらに詳細に領内の総労働力を知るため，家並 (やなみ) 改め，人畜 (にんちく) 改めなどの調査を行なった。その帳簿が家人馬改帳，人畜改帳と呼ばれるもので，宗門改帳，五人組帳 (→五人組帳前書 ) ，村明細帳のできる以前の家族構成，居住形態を知るうえで貴重な史料である。現存するものでは細川氏の慶長 16 (1611) 年の「小倉藩人畜改帳」，寛永 10 (33) 年の「肥後藩人畜改帳」が有名 (『大日本近世史料』所収) 。

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