Murashu - Suguri

One of the ancient surnames. Also written as Shumura. The etymology comes from the Korean word for clan leader. There are two theories about the name of the surname Muranushi: one is that it was a local official position held by the head of a village group, and the other is that it was a title of respect for the leader of a group of Korean-Chinese (Ayahito) people, with the latter being the more popular. There are over 40 clans with the surname Muranushi, all of which are descendants of naturalized people, with the majority being of Han descent. Originally, Muranushi was a title of respect for the leader of a group of Chinese people with technology that was formed in the 5th and 6th centuries, but it changed into a surname after the second half of the 7th century. There is another surname called Kachi (also called Masa), which is pronounced "suguri" like Muranushi, but it is different in nature from Muranushi. It is also said that the Japanese Muranushi has no direct relationship to the title of a local official position in Silla (Shiragi).

[Maenozono Ryoichi]

"Ota Ryo, 'Revised Edition of Study on Social Organization in Ancient Japan' (1955, Kunimitsu Shobo)" ▽ "Saeki Ariyoshi, 'Silla Village Lords and Ancient Japanese Village Lords' (included in 'Ancient Japanese Politics and Society', 1970, Yoshikawa Kobunkan)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

古代の姓(かばね)の一つ。主村とも記す。語源は、族長を意味する朝鮮語に由来する。村主についての諸説は、村落団体の首長の有した地方官職名説と、朝鮮系漢人(あやひと)集団の統率者の敬称説に大別されるが、後者が有力である。村主姓氏族は40余を数え、そのすべてが帰化人の後裔(こうえい)であり、なかでも漢氏系がもっとも多い。元来村主は、5、6世紀に形成された技術を有する漢人集団の統率者の敬称であったが、7世紀後半以降に姓(かばね)へ転化していった。村主と同様に「スグリ」と読まれる姓(かばね)に勝（カチ、マサともいう）があるが、これは村主と性格を異にする。また、日本の村主は、新羅(しらぎ)の地方官職名である村主とも直接的な関係はないといわれる。

［前之園亮一］

『太田亮著『全訂日本上代社会組織の研究』（1955・邦光書房）』▽『佐伯有清著「新羅の村主と日本古代の村主」（『日本古代の政治と社会』所収・1970・吉川弘文館）』

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