Shukuyodo - Shukuyodo

Shukuyo is a type of astronomy in Buddhism. It was perfected in the Tang dynasty, based on Indian astronomy. It is said that Dokyo was an expert in it as early as the Nara period, but there is no definite proof, and it is appropriate to assume that it was introduced to Japan in the early Heian period along with the Shingon esoteric Buddhism. In addition to the Shukuyo Sutra, the Manju Sutra, the Daishu Sutra, and the Nichizo Sutra are also used as scriptures. It is a type of astrology that divides the stars into seven days, nine days, twelve zodiac signs, and twenty-eight constellations, and tries to predict the good and bad fortune of a person's fate based on their movements. It was already influenced by the Yin-Yang and Five Elements theory in China, so it is not very different from the astronomy of Onmyodo, but most practitioners are monks and called Shukuyo masters, and were distinguished from Onmyoji from the Heian period to the Middle Ages. At their height in the Middle Ages, it was believed that the magical powers of the Shukuyōshi could affect the movement of the stars and change people's destinies for the better, forming one of the major foundations of popular belief.

[Shimoidetsumiyo]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

宿曜とは星宿(しょうしゅく)のことで、仏教の天文学。インドの天文学を母胎として唐代に完成された。早くも奈良時代に道鏡(どうきょう)がその達人であったといわれるが確証はなく、日本への伝来は平安初期に真言密教に伴うとするのが妥当である。宿曜経のほか文殊(もんじゅ)経、大集(だいじゅう)経、日蔵(にちぞう)経などを所依(しょえ)の経典とし、星を七曜、九執(しゅう)（九曜）、十二宮、二十八宿などに分かち、その運行によって人の運命の吉凶禍福を予知しようとする一種の占星(せんせい)術である。すでに中国で陰陽五行(いんようごぎょう)説の影響を受けているので陰陽道(おんみょうどう)の天文道と大差ないが、従事者はほとんど僧侶(そうりょ)で宿曜師といい、平安から中世にかけて陰陽師と区別された。最盛期は中世で、宿曜師の呪力(じゅりょく)は星の運行に働きかけて人間の運命を好転させると信じられ、俗信の有力な基盤の一つであった。

［下出積與］

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