When radiation loses energy in a scintillator (phosphor), electrons in the solid are excited, then the electrons transition to the ground state and emit light. This is used to convert the number of emitted photons into electrical pulses using a photomultiplier tube, and is used to count radiation and measure its energy. The response time of the light emission is extremely short and the light emission efficiency is high, so high time resolution and counting efficiency can be achieved. Inorganic crystal scintillators such as sodium iodide have high sensitivity to gamma rays. There is a considerable freedom in the type, shape, size, etc. of the scintillator to be selected. Plastic scintillators can also detect neutrons. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
シンチレータ (ケイ光体 ) 中で放射線がエネルギーを失って固体中の電子が励起され,次いで基底状態へ遷移し発光することを利用して発光光子数を光電子増倍管によって電気的パルスに変え,放射線の計数やエネルギーを測定する装置。発光の応答時間がきわめて短く,発光効率が高いので,高い時間分解能と計数効率が得られる。ヨウ化ナトリウムなど無機結晶シンチレータではγ線に対する感度が大きい。種類,形状,大きさなど,かなり自由に選べる。プラスチックシンチレータは中性子も検出できる。
出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
>>: Scintillation - shinchire-shon (English spelling) scintillation
A method for making smoked fish or meat products. ...
A former region in the south of Eastern Siberia, i...
A germicidal disinfectant. It is a mixture of thr...
Also known as fluorescent white dyes. They are co...
King of Zhao during the Warring States period in C...
In order to expand its business, Recruit, a major...
…In 877 (Gangyo 1), it was designated as a Myojin...
…[Mayumi Takahashi]. . . *Some of the terminology...
A type of Western paper. Tissue paper for printing...
…[Yoshiharu Imaizumi]. … *Some of the terminology...
For example, the written word was often deeply co...
Washi paper is made from the bast fibers of the g...
… Digital audio discs are new discs that incorpor...
This is the most important coalfield near the port...
…However, the pale pink spots often seen on the u...