Jinhan (English spelling)

Japanese: 辰韓 - しんかん（英語表記）Chinhan

Also written as 秦阪. Name of region and tribe in southeastern Korea in ancient Korea. According to the Wei Zhi Dongyi Zhuan in the Records of the Three Kingdoms, in the 3rd century, there was a tribe called Jinhan in this region (now the Nakdonggang River basin in South and North Gyeongsang Province), and together with Byeonjin they made up 12 states. However, these were very primitive tribal nations, with the largest having 4,000-5,000 households and the smallest having 600-700 households, and there was no king to unify the Three Han (Mahan, Jinhan, Byeonjin (Byeonhan)). The heads of each tribe received official positions from China, and under this indirect rule, the tribesmen were mainly engaged in farming and fishing. The Wei Zhi Dongyi Zhuan records that iron was produced in this region and was traded like Chinese coins. Jinhan is a notable region in Korean history because, following the fall of the two counties of Lelang and Daifang in the early 4th century, one of the Jinhan states, Shiro, became the center of unification and eventually formed Silla.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

秦韓とも書く。古代朝鮮，南東部の地域名，部族名。『三国志』魏志東夷伝によれば3世紀頃この地域 (現慶尚南北道の洛東江流域) には辰韓と称する部族があり，弁辰と雑居し 12国を構成していたという。しかし国といっても大国で 4000～5000戸，小国では 600～700戸程度できわめて原始的な部族国家であり，まだ三韓 (馬韓，辰韓，弁辰〈弁韓〉) を統一する国王は存在しなかった。各部族の首長が一応中国から官職を受け，その間接支配的形態下において部族民は主として農耕，漁労などにたずさわっていたようである。魏志東夷伝ではこの地方から鉄が産出され，中国の銭のように取引の対象になっていたと記している。辰韓が朝鮮史上注目されるのは4世紀初頭，楽浪，帯方2郡の滅亡を契機として辰韓諸国の一つ斯盧 (しろ) 国が統合の中心となってやがて新羅を形成するからである。

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