Interests related to the physical aspects of a person, such as life, body, freedom, and chastity, as well as interests related to the mental aspects of a person, such as honor, credit, name, and image, are collectively referred to as personal rights. The Civil Code stipulates that harming the body, freedom, or honor of another person is a tort and makes one liable for damages (Article 710), but the same applies to the infringement of other personal interests. For example, the unauthorized use of another person's name or image, the violation of chastity, and the interference with their life are also torts. Recent academic theory and lower court precedents hold that an injunction is available against the infringement of personal rights. [Takahisa Awaji] [Reference] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
生命・身体・自由・貞操などの人の身体的側面に関する利益、および名誉・信用・氏名・肖像などの人の精神的側面に関する利益を総称して人格権とよぶ。民法は、他人の身体・自由・名誉を害すると、不法行為として損害賠償責任を負うことになる旨を規定する(710条)が、他のもろもろの人格的利益の侵害についても同様のことが妥当する。たとえば、他人の氏名や肖像の無断使用、貞操の侵害、生活妨害なども不法行為となる。また、人格権の侵害に対しては、差止請求権が生じる、とするのが最近の学説および下級審の判例である。 [淡路剛久] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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