French philosopher and historian of medieval thought. Born in Paris, he studied at the University of Paris. In 1913, he received his doctorate in literature for his groundbreaking research on Descartes (Liberty in Descartes and Index of the Schola-Descartes). He taught at the universities of Lille, Strasbourg, and Paris, and was a professor at the Collège de France. In 1945, he became a member of the Académie Française. During this time, he published a succession of philosophical studies on Augustine, Bonaventure, Thomas Aquinas, Duns Scotus, Descartes, and others. As he argued in his works Philosophy of the Middle Ages (1922) and The Spirit of Medieval Philosophy (1932), he sought to uncover the significance of medieval philosophy, which had been ignored due to the erroneous view of medieval history, and to demonstrate its influence on modern times. In his later years, his philosophical stance as a Neo-Thomist was increasingly evident in his philosophical historical writings. He played a leading role in promoting the study of medieval philosophy in the first half of the 20th century, including the establishment of the Institute of Medieval Studies at the University of Toronto (Canada) in 1929. [Chiaki Kagawa May 19, 2015] "The Spirit of Medieval Philosophy, Vol. 1, translated by Hattori Eijiro (1974, 1975, Chikuma Shobo) " "History of Medieval Philosophy, translated by Watanabe Hide (1949, Enderle Shoten)" "Reason and Revelation in the Middle Ages, by E. Gilson, translated by Toge Naotake (1987, Korosha)" Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フランスの哲学者、中世思想史家。パリに生まれ、パリ大学に学ぶ。1913年、画期的なデカルト研究(『デカルトにおける自由』『スコラ‐デカルト索引』)で文学博士となる。リール、ストラスブール、パリの各大学を経て、コレージュ・ド・フランス教授を務める。1945年アカデミー・フランセーズ会員。その間、アウグスティヌス、ボナベントゥラ、トマス・アクィナス、ドゥンス・スコトゥス、デカルトなどの哲学研究書を次々に刊行した。それは『中世の哲学』(1922)や『中世哲学の精神』(1932)が説くように、従来の誤った中世暗黒史観によって無視されてきた中世哲学のもつ意義を発掘し、近代に対する影響を示そうとしたものである。晩年には、哲学史的叙述のなかにも、新トマス派としての哲学的立場がしだいに強く現れていた。トロント大学(カナダ)の中世研究所の設立(1929)をはじめとして、20世紀前半の中世哲学研究の振興に指導的役割を果たした。 [香川知晶 2015年5月19日] 『服部英次郎訳『中世哲学の精神』上下(1974、1975・筑摩書房)』▽『渡辺秀訳『中世哲学史』(1949・エンデルレ書店)』▽『É・ジルソン著、峠尚武訳『中世における理性と啓示』(1987・行路社)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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