Sill - sill (English spelling)

Japanese: シル - しる(英語表記)sill
Sill - sill (English spelling)

A plate-like igneous rock that intrudes parallel to the bedding planes of the surrounding strata or the foliation of metamorphic rocks. Generally, most rocks are nearly horizontal or slightly inclined. It is sometimes used synonymously with "sheet," but the term "sheet" is used in a broader sense. A sill made of dolerite (coarse-grained basalt) in Edinburgh, Scotland, is famous for a great debate in the late 18th century over whether it was sedimentary or igneous, since it is sandwiched between fossil-bearing sedimentary rocks and parallel to the bedding planes. In this debate, the sedimentary rocks adjacent to the sill showed signs of having been burned by fire, and some areas along the boundaries of the sedimentary rocks appeared to have been turned up, indicating that it was an intrusive rock.

[Akihiro Murata]

[Reference items] | Igneous rocks | Rock beds | Bedding | Coarse-grained basalts
Main shapes of igneous rocks
©Shogakukan ">

Main shapes of igneous rocks


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

板状の火成岩体で、その周囲にある地層の層理面や変成岩の面構造に平行に貫入しているもの。一般的にほぼ水平かやや傾斜した岩体のものが多い。岩床sheet(シート)と同義に用いられることがあるが、岩床のほうが広い意味で使われる。スコットランドのエジンバラにあるドレライト(粗粒玄武岩)からなるシルは、化石を産出する堆積(たいせき)岩に挟まれて層理面と平行に入っていることから、18世紀後半に堆積岩か火成岩かで大論争が繰り広げられたことで有名である。この論争では、シルと接する堆積岩に火に焼かれたような痕跡(こんせき)があったり、一部の境界に沿って堆積岩の層理面がめくれ上がったように見えるところが見つかり、貫入岩体であることが示された。

[村田明広]

[参照項目] | 火成岩 | 岩床 | 層理 | 粗粒玄武岩
火成岩体のおもな形状
©Shogakukan">

火成岩体のおもな形状


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