These are representative pre-pottery sites in Hokkaido, distributed in the Yubetsu River and its tributary Yubetsu River basins in Shirataki, Engaru Town, Hokkaido. More than 70 sites are known. They were reported in 1940 by Hiromichi Kono, Takemitsu Natori, and others, but concrete investigations did not begin until after World War II, when Masakazu Yoshizaki and the Shirataki Site Research Group conducted a scientific study. From a geological perspective, the ages of these sites are between 20,000 and 12,700 years ago, based on measurements using radiocarbon dating (→Radiocarbon Dating) and obsidian hydrate layer dating, and can be compared to the various stages of stone-tool cultures contained in the Tachikawa Loam Formation (→Kanto Loam Formation) in the Kanto region, while according to Pei Wenzhong, they can be compared to the various stages from the latter half of the Late Paleolithic to the end of the Mesolithic Jalainur culture (→Jalainur〈Zhalainour〉) in Northeast Asia. In particular, the special manufacturing technique (Yubetsu technique) of the wedge-shaped stone cores excavated from the Shirataki site was revealed, and because such cores resemble those excavated from the Qixiaojingzi and Guxiangtun sites in China and in Siberia, it is of great significance that they demonstrate a cultural connection with the continent. In 1989, the Shirataki site group was designated a national historic site. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
北海道遠軽町白滝の湧別川と支湧別川の流域一帯に分布する,北海道における先土器時代の代表的な遺跡。 70ヵ所以上の遺跡が知られている。河野広道,名取武光らによって,1940年に報告されたが,具体的な調査が始まったのは第2次世界大戦後で,吉崎昌一や白滝遺跡団体研究会によって,科学的なメスが入れられた。地質学的にみると,放射性炭素による年代測定 (→ラジオカーボンデーティング ) ,黒曜石水和層年代測定法による測定値などから,これらの遺跡の年代は2万~1万 2700年以前の間で,関東地方の立川ローム層 (→関東ローム層 ) に含まれる各段階の石器文化と対比することができ,一方,裴文中によれば,北東アジアの後期旧石器時代の後半から中石器時代末期のジャライノール文化 (→ジャライノール〈扎賚諾爾〉 ) にいたる各段階に対比することができるという。特に,白滝遺跡出土の楔形石核の特殊な製作技術 (湧別技法 ) が明らかにされ,そのような石核が中国の七角井子,顧郷屯遺跡やシベリア出土の石核に類似することから,大陸との文化的な関連が示された意義は大きい。 1989年白滝遺跡群として国の史跡に指定された。
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