The capital of Zambia, southern Africa. It is located in the central-southern part of the country, on a plateau at an altitude of 1,279 meters. Population: 982,362 (1990 census), 1,577,000 (1999 estimate), 1,747,152 (2010 census). It is a key location for the railway that runs through the country, and for roads and air routes to various parts of southern Africa, and commercial and industrial development has been achieved. It is a distribution center for tobacco and other agricultural and livestock products, and has factories for tobacco manufacturing, food processing, cement, clothing, etc. It was built in 1905 as a planned siding for the Broken Hill mine (now Kabwe), and was named after the chief of a nearby village, Le Circus. With the construction of the railway and the increase in farms by European immigrants, the town developed rapidly, and in 1935 it replaced Livingstone (now Maramba) as the capital of British Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia). The new capital was designed by a British architect and is clearly divided into a commercial district to the south of the railway, a government district to the north, and residential areas. Within the city is the Mulungushi Conference Center, famous for its copper dome roof as an international conference center, and outside the city is the University of Zambia, the country's only university. About 48 kilometers south, on the banks of the Kafue River, is the heavy industrial area of Kafue, which uses abundant electricity from hydroelectric power. [Akifumi Hayashi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アフリカ南部、ザンビアの首都。同国の中南部、標高1279メートルの高原上に位置する。人口98万2362(1990センサス)、157万7000(1999推計)、174万7152(2010センサス)。同国を縦貫する鉄道および南部アフリカ各地に通じる道路、航空路の要衝で、商工業が発達する。タバコその他の農産物、畜産物の集散地であり、たばこ製造、食品加工、セメント、衣料などの工場がある。1905年ブロークン・ヒル鉱山(現カブウェ)への引込み線予定地として建設され、付近の村の首長の名ルサーカスにちなんで命名された。鉄道が敷設され、ヨーロッパ系移民の農場が増加すると町は急激に発展し、35年リビングストン(現マランバ)にかわってイギリス領北ローデシア(現ザンビア)の首都となった。新首都はイギリス人建築家によって設計され、鉄道の南の商業区、北の官庁街、住宅区にはっきりと分かれている。市内には国際会議場として有名な銅製のドーム状屋根をもつムルングシ会議センターがあり、市外には同国唯一の大学であるザンビア大学がある。南約48キロメートルのカフエ川河岸には、水力発電による豊富な電力を使用する重工業地域カフエがある。 [林 晃史] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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