Job title - Job title

Japanese: 職制 - しょくせい
Job title - Job title

A term used in business management. The term has a long history and can be found in the 1879 (Meiji 12) "Yoshu Besshi Mine Official System," the 1893 "Fuji Paper Company Official System," and even Article 19 of the Railway Business Act that came into effect in 1900 (Meiji 33).

In a broad sense, it means the organizational structure and chain of command within a company that are systematically organized to achieve business objectives, and in a narrow sense, it means the system related to the duties organized therein, specifically the rules and systems that define the scope of duties and authority. The latter can also include a job hierarchy system that classifies duties according to their type, complexity, and degree of responsibility. Both are officially determined as company rules. In addition, as a slang term, it can also mean a managerial or supervisory position in a management organization, or a person in that position (general manager, section manager, section chief, foreman, foreman, etc.).

[Namie Iwao]

"Hiroshi Hazama, 'Research on the History of Japanese Labor Management' (1964, Diamond Inc.)"

[Reference item] | Job hierarchy

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

経営実務上の用語。この用語の起源は古く、1879年(明治12)「予州別子鉱山職制」や1893年「富士製紙会社職制」、さらには1900年(明治33)施行の鉄道営業法の条文第19条などにおいてもみいだすことができる。

 広くは、企業において経営目的達成のために体系的に編成される組織機構やそこでの指揮命令系統を意味するものとして、狭くは、そこに編成されている職務に関する制度、具体的内容としては職務の分掌範囲や責任権限を定めた規定・制度を意味するものとして用いられる。後者には、職務をその種類や複雑さと責任の度合いに応じて分類した職階(しょっかい)制などを含める場合もある。いずれも社則として公式に定められる。このほかに、俗語として、経営組織における管理・監督的地位あるいはその地位にある人(部長、課長、係長、作業長、工長など)といった意味で用いられることがある。

[浪江 巖]

『間宏著『日本労務管理史研究』(1964・ダイヤモンド社)』

[参照項目] | 職階制

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