A term used in economics. Market equilibrium is an equilibrium state in which, when achieved, trading volume and prices in the market do not fluctuate, and is characterized by the condition that demand and supply are equal. However, whether or not there is a force acting to move toward equilibrium when not in equilibrium is a separate issue from the existence of equilibrium, and the stability conditions of market equilibrium provide a criterion for determining whether or not the automatic adjustment forces acting on the market will move the market away from equilibrium and toward equilibrium. Let us assume that prices rise if demand exceeds supply, fall if the opposite is true, and remain constant when the two are equal, and that transactions take place at that price (and only then). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
経済学用語。市場均衡とは,それが達成されると,市場での取引量や価格が変動しないような平衡状態をいい,需要量と供給量が一致するという条件によって特色づけられる。しかし均衡にないときに,そこに向かう力が働くか否かは均衡の存在とは別問題であり,市場均衡の安定条件は,市場に働く自動的調整力によって,均衡を離れた状態から均衡に近づくか否かを判定する基準を与えるものである。いま価格は,需要が供給を上まわれば上昇し,逆の場合は下落し,両者が一致すれば動かずその価格で(そしてそのときだけ)取引が行われるものとしよう。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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