Pets are animals kept to enrich people's lives, such as to listen to their songs, to admire their beautiful colors and appearances, and to enjoy their cute behavior. Dogs, cats, small birds, goldfish, and koi carp have long been popular. However, people are not satisfied with these small animals, and the trend of seeking more unusual animals has grown, so wild animals such as raccoons and coatis have begun to appear in pet shops. The range has also expanded significantly, and in addition to the above, reptiles such as chipmunks, hamsters, and green sliders, as well as crayfish, rhinoceros beetles, and other arthropods are also popular. There is no specific species that can be kept, and any animal can be a pet depending on preference, but naturally there are some that are suitable for keeping in a private home and some that are not. When keeping an animal, the owner has a responsibility to properly manage it and not cause a nuisance to others. Therefore, animals that are noisy, have a strong unpleasant odor, or are dangerous to others, such as wild animals or poisonous snakes, are not suitable as pets. In addition, in the recent situation where the population of wild birds and animals has decreased significantly, it is not desirable to capture wild animals and keep them as pets, and it is better to keep only those that can be reproduced in captivity. The former Prime Minister's Office enforced the "Law on Protection and Management of Animals" on April 1, 1974, the "Standards for Keeping and Storage of Dogs and Cats" on July 16, 1975, and the "Standards for Keeping and Storage of Exhibited Animals, etc." on February 10, 1976. The "Law on Protection and Management of Animals" was renamed the "Law on Welfare and Management of Animals" in 1999. In addition, this law came under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Environment (formerly the Environment Agency) in January 2001, when the central government ministries and agencies were reorganized. [Mitsuko Masui] [References] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
さえずりを聞いたり、美しい色彩や姿を観賞したり、かわいいしぐさを楽しんだりするなど、人の生活に潤いを与えるために飼育される動物のことで、英語ではペットpetという。昔からイヌ、ネコ、小鳥、キンギョ、ニシキゴイなどがもてはやされてきた。しかしこれらの小動物に飽き足りず、なお珍奇なものを求めようとする風潮が高まり、ペットショップにはアライグマ、ハナグマなどの野生動物も姿をみせるようになった。範囲も著しく広がり、前出のもののほかにシマリス、ハムスター、ミドリガメをはじめとする爬虫(はちゅう)類、アメリカザリガニやカブトムシその他の節足動物も人気がある。もともと特定の種を定められるものではなく、好みによりすべての動物がなりうるが、そこにはおのずと、個人の家庭での飼育に適するものと不向きのものがある。動物を飼育するからには、飼い主にはそれを十分に管理し、他人に迷惑を及ぼさぬようにする責任が生ずるものであるから、大声で鳴き騒がしいものや、著しく不快臭のするもの、猛獣、毒ヘビのように飼い主だけでなく他人に対しても多大の危険性を有するものは、愛玩動物としては適さない。また最近のように野生鳥獣の生息数が著しく減じてきているおりでは、みだりに野生動物をとらえて個人飼育するのは好ましいことではなく、飼育下で継代繁殖可能なものだけにとどめるようにしたい。なお、旧総理府では「動物の保護及び管理に関する法律」を1974年(昭和49)4月1日より、「犬及びねこの飼養及び保管に関する基準」を1975年7月16日より、「展示動物等の飼養及び保管に関する基準」を1976年2月10日より、それぞれ施行させた。また「動物の保護及び管理に関する法律」は1999年(平成11)の改正により「動物の愛護及び管理に関する法律」に改称された。なお、この法律は中央省庁が再編された2001年(平成13)1月より、環境省(旧環境庁)の所管となった。 [増井光子] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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