A groundbreaking general theory about the relationship between the factors of population reproduction (births and deaths) and the basic structure of the population was developed by American biologist and demographer A.J. Lotka in the early 20th century. This is known as the stable population theory. Its content can be summarized as follows: In a closed population with no inflow or outflow of population from the outside, if the birth order (age-specific fertility rate) and death order (age-specific mortality rate) are constant, ultimately the basic structure of the population will remain constant, and therefore the natural birth rate and natural death rate will also remain constant, resulting in a constant rate of natural increase. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
人口の再生産要因(出生と死亡)と人口の基本構造との関係についての画期的な一般理論が,20世紀の初頭,アメリカの生物学者・人口学者A.J.ロトカによって開発された。これが安定人口理論と呼ばれるものである。その内容は,次のように要約することができよう。外部と人口の出入りのない封鎖人口において,出生秩序(年齢別特殊出生率)と死亡秩序(年齢別特殊死亡率)が一定であるとすると,究極においてその人口の基本構造は一定となり,したがって普通出生率も普通死亡率も一定となり,一定の自然増加率が生ずる。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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